Hidaka orogeny

Japanese: 日高造山運動 - ひだかぞうざんうんどう(英語表記)Hidaka orogeny
Hidaka orogeny

The orogeny that created the Hidaka Mountains in Hokkaido. Originally, it referred to the deformation of the Mesozoic Sorachi and Hidaka Group deposits from the Late Cretaceous to the Paleogene period of the Cenozoic, with the Hidaka Metamorphic Belt at its central axis. As research on the Hidaka Metamorphic Belt and its surrounding areas progressed, this deformation came to be considered in the framework of island arc collision tectonics, rather than as originally thought.

The metamorphic and igneous rocks of the Hidaka Metamorphic Belt are from the lower to upper part of the island arc crust formed by Paleogene igneous activity, and are thrust westward along the large Hidaka Main Thrust. In other words, the cross section of the deep crust is turned up and visible on the surface. This thrusting movement is believed to have been caused by the collision of a part of the Kuril Arc (from the volcanic front to the trench) on the Okhotsk Plate (North American Plate) to the east with the Northeast Japan Arc on the Eurasian Plate to the west during the Miocene and Pliocene periods of the Neogene. During the Quaternary Pleistocene, the boundary between the two plates shifted westward and is now believed to be located on the eastern edge of the Sea of ​​Japan.

[Akihiro Murata]

[Reference] | Mountain building

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

北海道の日高山脈をつくった造山運動。もともとは中生代の空知(そらち)層群・日高層群堆積(たいせき)物が、白亜紀後期から新生代古第三紀に受けた変動をさし、日高変成帯はその中軸部にある。日高変成帯やその周辺の研究が進むにつれ、この変動は当初考えられたものとは異なり、島弧どうしの衝突テクトニクスの枠組みで考えられるようになった。

 日高変成帯の変成岩・火成岩は、古第三紀の火成活動によって形成された島弧地殻下部から上部のもので、大規模な日高主衝上断層に沿って西方へ衝上している。つまり、ここでは地殻深部までの断面がめくれ上がって、地表で見えていることになる。この衝上運動は、新第三紀中新世から鮮新世に、東側のオホーツクプレート(北アメリカプレート)上の千島弧の一部(火山フロントから海溝まで)が、西側のユーラシアプレート上の東北日本弧と衝突したことによるものとされている。なお、新生代第四紀更新世には両プレートの境界は西側へ移動し、現在は日本海東縁にあるとされている。

[村田明広]

[参照項目] | 造山運動

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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