Ma Zhiyuan

Date of birth and death unknown. A Chinese Yuan dynasty dramatist. His pen name was Dongli. Born in Dadu (Beijing), he joined the Yuanzhenshuhui writers' guild and wrote many zatugeki (Yuan opera) works. In middle age, he finally got a job as a local official and went to Jiangnan. He retired at the age of 50, but continued to write in his later years. He died after the Zhizhi era (1321-23). ​​Among the 15 titles of his works, the masterpiece "Autumn in the Han Palace" is included, but there are also immortal plays such as "Yueyang Tower" and "Ren Fengzi," which show the influence of the Quanzhen sect, which was popular at the time. The southern opera "The Book of Sheep Sheep" is also said to be his work. He is also famous as a writer of sanqu (traditional Chinese verse), and many excellent works include "The World in a Nutshell" and "Scenery in a Nutshell." Among the works included in the collection "Torigafu," "Night Boat and Autumnal Thoughts" are well known.

[Akira Denda]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

生没年不詳。中国、元(げん)代の戯曲作家。号は東籬(とうり)。大都(だいと)（北京(ペキン)）に生まれ、作家ギルド元貞書会に加入して雑劇(ざつげき)（元曲）作品を数多く書いた。中年になってようやく地方官の職を得て江南に行き、50歳を過ぎて引退したが、晩年もなお創作活動を続けている。没年は至治年間（1321～23）以後。作品の題名が15種知られるなかに、名作『漢宮秋(かんきゅうしゅう)』が含まれているが、『岳陽楼(がくようろう)』『任風子(じんふうし)』などの神仙劇もあり、当時流行の全真教の影響がみられる。ほかに南戯『牧羊記』も彼の作品といわれる。散曲(さんきょく)の作家としても名があり、慨世、写景の作品に佳作が多い。輯本(しゅうほん)『東籬楽府(とうりがふ)』に収められるもののうち、『夜行船・秋思』が知られている。

［傳田　章］

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