Khazar (English spelling)

Japanese: ハザル族 - ハザルぞく（英語表記）Khazar

A nomadic people, probably of Altaic origin (especially Turkish origin), active in the southern Russian steppes mainly from the 6th to 9th centuries. They first appeared in the southern Russian steppes under the suzerainty of the Western Turks from at least the mid-6th century onwards, and in the first half of the 7th century allied with the Byzantine Empire and fought against the Sassanid Empire of Persia. In the mid-7th century, when the Western Turks declined, they became independent and formed the Khazar Khaganate. They defeated the Bulgar-Onogur tribal alliance and gained hegemony over the southern Russian steppes, and from 641 to 642 came into conflict with the emerging Arabs over possession of the Caucasus region, and by the second half of the 7th century they had taken possession of most of the Crimean Peninsula in the southwest.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

6～9世紀を中心に南ロシア草原で活動した，おそらくアルタイ系(なかでもトルコ系)の遊牧民族。少なくとも6世紀半ば以降，西突厥の宗主権下に南ロシア草原に明確に姿を現し，7世紀前半にはビザンティン帝国と同盟してササン朝ペルシアと争い，7世紀半ば，西突厥が衰えると独立してハザル･カガン国を形成した。ブルガル･オノグル部族連合を破って南ロシア草原の覇権を握り，641∥642年以降はカフカス地帯の領有をめぐって新興のアラブと対立，また7世紀後半までに南西のクリミア半島の大半を領有した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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