Originally a Celtic word meaning "fighter" or "combatant". Historically, it is known that in 283, farmers and shepherds suffering under the oppression of Rome rose up in Armorica, a province of Gaul, and declared independence under the leadership of Amandus and Aelianus, calling themselves the Bagaudai. The revolt was put down by the Roman army four years later, but the anti-Roman popular movement that arose in the region afterwards was called the Bagaudai. The movement intensified again in the 5th century, when five provinces, centered on Armorica, declared independence in 407 and resisted Rome for 10 years, and in 435 an independent government headed by Tibbato was established. Small farmers, colonies, and slaves who suffered under heavy Roman taxes also joined the movement, and it continued until 451. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
本来ケルト語で〈闘争者〉〈戦闘的なもの〉の意。歴史的には,ローマの重圧にあえぐ農民や牧人が,283年に属州ガリアのアルモリカで蜂起し,アマンドゥスAmandusとアエリアヌスAelianusを指導者として独立を宣言,自らバガウダイと名のったことが知られている。蜂起は4年後にローマ軍に鎮圧されたが,その後この地域でおこった反ローマ的民衆運動はバガウダイとよばれた。運動が再び激化したのは5世紀で,407年にはアルモリカを中心に5州が独立を宣言し,10年間ローマに抵抗し,435年にはティバトTibbatoを首領とする独立政権が成立,ローマの重税に苦しむ小農民,コロヌス,奴隷などもこれに参加し,その運動は継続的に451年までつづいた。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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