Syphilis serology test - Syphilis serology test

Japanese: 梅毒血清反応 - ばいどくけっせいはんのう
Syphilis serology test - Syphilis serology test
The test for syphilis that involves taking a blood sample is called a syphilis serology test, and there are two methods: 1) using lipid antigens and 2) using Treponema pallida antigens.
Methods in category ① include complement fixation reactions (Ogata method, Wasserman method) and precipitation reactions (glass plate method, agglutination method), while methods in category ② include the hemocyte agglutination reaction (TPHA) and the indirect fluorescent antibody method (FTA).
Test ① may be positive for diseases other than syphilis (biological false positive), so it cannot reliably diagnose whether or not the patient has syphilis. However, it is effective in determining the stage of syphilis and the effectiveness of treatment.
② can reliably determine whether or not you have syphilis, but the test will not be negative even if you have been cured through treatment.
For this reason, three tests - complement fixation reaction, precipitin reaction, and TPHA - are performed to diagnose syphilis and determine the stage of the disease and the effectiveness of treatment.

Source: Shogakukan Home Medical Library Information

Japanese:
血液を採取して調べる梅毒の検査を梅毒血清反応といい、①脂質抗原(ししつこうげん)を用いる方法と②トレポネーマパリダ抗原を用いる方法とがあります。
 ①の方法には補体結合反応(緒方(おがた)法、ワッセルマン法)と沈降(ちんこう)反応(ガラス板法、凝集(ぎょうしゅう)法)が、②には、血球(けっきゅう)凝集反応(TPHA)や蛍光抗体(けいこうこうたい)間接法(FTA)があります。
 ①は、梅毒以外の病気でも陽性になることがあって(生物学的偽陽性(ぎようせい))、梅毒かどうかを確実に診断することはできません。しかし、梅毒の病期や治療効果の判定に威力を発揮します。
 ②は、梅毒かどうかを確実に判定できますが、治療によって完治しているのに、陰性になりません。
 このため、補体結合反応、沈降反応、TPHAの3つの検査を行なって、梅毒の診断、病期や治療効果の判定をしています。

出典 小学館家庭医学館について 情報

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