An ethnic group that lives mainly in the Republic of Dagestan in the North Caucasus. They also live in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey, etc. Their ancestors were Mongolians, but they mixed with the Turkic-speaking Polovtsian people and adopted their language. As a result, their language belongs to the Kipchak group of Turkic languages. In the past, their main livelihood was nomadic livestock farming (horses, sheep, camels, and cattle), but agriculture was practiced in the western plains. Islam was the faith of the ruling class, but after the Socialist Revolution of 1917 and during the Soviet era, nomads began to settle in the country, and there was a fundamental transformation in society, economy, and culture. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
北カフカスのダゲスタン共和国を中心に居住する民族。カラチャイチェルケス共和国やブルガリア,ルーマニア,トルコなどにも住む。祖先はモンゴル人であったが,チュルク語系のポロベツ族と混交し,その言語を取入れた。その結果言語はチュルク諸語のキプチャク語群に属する。かつて基本的生業は遊牧による牧畜 (馬,羊,らくだ,牛) であったが,西の平野部では農業が営まれた。イスラム教が特に支配階層に信奉されていたが,1917年の社会主義革命以降ソ連時代には,遊牧民の定着化が進み,社会,経済,文化の面に根本的変貌がみられた。
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