An artifact is a physical material left by humans in the past, or a material material that represents human activity, that does not lose its intrinsic value even if it is moved from its original location. Therefore, even if something can be moved, such as the stone chambers of ancient tombs or the remains of kilns, if moving it significantly reduces its value, it cannot be called an artifact. Artifacts are classified according to the material they are made of, such as stone tools, earthenware, wood, and metal tools; according to their use, such as tableware, weapons, ritual implements, and agricultural tools; or according to their function, such as containers and tools. Artifacts include not only things made by human hands, but also plant and animal remains that provide a means of understanding the environment at the time, human excrement, and human remains themselves. [Shigeru Ueyama] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
過去の人間の残した物的資料、または人間の活動を表す物的資料であって、その存在している場所を移しても、本来のそれ自体の価値を失わないものを遺物とよぶ。したがって、古墳の石室や窯跡(かまあと)などのような移築が可能なものでも、動かすことによって著しくその価値を損なうものは遺物とはいえない。遺物は、石器、土器、木器、金属器など材質による分類と、飲食器、武器、祭器、農工具など用途による分類、あるいは容器、利器などその機能による分類が行われている。また遺物には、直接人間の手になるものだけでなく、当時の環境を知る手だてとなる植物・動物遺体、および人間の排泄(はいせつ)物、そして人間の遺骸(いがい)自体もこれに含まれる。 [植山 茂] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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