In psychiatry, the causes of mental disorders are generally distinguished into psychogenic, exogenous, and endogenous. Neuroses and reactive mental disorders are included in psychogenic mental disorders because they are caused by psychological factors, while mental disorders that appear in association with organic brain diseases or other physical illnesses are considered exogenous mental disorders. Some take the term "exogenous" in a broad sense to include psychological factors, but it is currently customary to think of "exogenous" as meaning "somatic." In contrast, "endogenous" comes from the idea that it is based on an individual's internal predisposition, and implies that genetic predisposition plays a particularly important role in the cause, while at the same time the cause is unknown. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
精神医学では,精神障害の原因を一般的に心因性,外因性,内因性に区別して考えている。神経症や反応性の精神異常は心理的な原因によるという意味から心因性の精神障害に含められ,脳の器質的な疾患や他の身体病に伴って現れる精神異常は外因性精神病とされている。外因を広義にとって心因もこれに含める見方もあるが,外因性とは身体因性と考えるのが現在の慣用である。これに対して内因性とは,個体の内的素因に基づくとする考えから出たものであり,とくにその原因に遺伝的な素因が重要な役割をもつと同時に原因不明性であるという意味が込められている。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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