Ina clan - Inauji

A Kanto Gundai family, a vassal of the Tokugawa clan. Their ancestors were Togasaki and Arakawa, but during the reign of Arakawa Yasuuji, they were given a part of Ina County in Shinano Province (Nagano Prefecture) by Shogun Ashikaga Yoshihisa, and settled there. During the reign of Arakawa Yasuuji, his grandson Yasutsugu left Ina after his uncle usurped his castle, and he took the name Ina Kumazo. One of their descendants, Tadaie, wandered through Mikawa Province, served Tokugawa Ieyasu, and was appointed lord of Ojima Castle in Hazu County (Nishio City, Aichi Prefecture), but wandered again to Sakai. His son, Tadatsugu, became the head magistrate when Ieyasu entered the Kanto region and set up a jin'ya in Komuro, Musashi Province (Ina Town, Saitama Prefecture). His fiefdom was 10,000 koku in Komuro and Konosu. During the time of the third lord, Tadakatsu, he was stripped of his title as he had no heir, but Tadakatsu's younger brother, Tadataka, was given a new fief of 1,100 koku in Komuro-go and inherited the family name. Meanwhile, Tadatsugu's second son, Tadaharu, was given a fief of 7,000 koku and founded a separate family, setting up a jin'ya in Akayama, Adachi County (Kawaguchi City, Saitama Prefecture). Like his father, he was active in the civil and agricultural administration of the Kanto region, and established the foundation for the Ina family, which served as the hereditary Kanto district governor. His son, Tadakatsu, divided the estate among his two younger brothers and established himself as a Hatamoto with a stipend of 3,960 koku. His successors were Tadatsune, Tadaatsu, Tadanonobu, Tadamichi, Tadatoki, Tadaoki (financial magistrate), and Tadahiro, but during the reign of Tadataka, he was dismissed from his position as Kanto Gundai and stripped of his title in March 1792 (Kansei 4) for various immoral acts. However, the shogunate regretted the demise of the Tadaharu family and granted a new stipend of 1,000 koku to Tadamitsu of a different family to succeed him in the family name. During this time, Mr. Ina made great achievements, including repairing rivers and developing new rice fields, restoring areas affected by the Mount Fuji eruption, developing the towns of Honjo and Fukagawa, and putting an end to peasant unrest and the Uchikowashi disturbances.

The Ina clan's functions as Kanto Gundai often deviated from the framework of the Shogunate's administrative system of the Finance Magistrate, and so from the time of Tadataka, they were given the ranks of Chief Finance Inmiyaku, Deputy Chief of the Okuyuhitsu Group, and Head of the Okosho Group, and projects related to national politics were carried out under the control of the Roju. Incidentally, the Ina Gundai had 400 retainers, but the Ina clan was granted one-tenth of the annual tax revenue from the hundreds of thousands of koku that Chuji had developed, giving it the same financial base as a feudal lord with tens of thousands of koku. In addition to the Ina clan whose territories were abolished, there were three other branches that continued until the end of the Edo period.

[Kiyotoshi Homma]

"Kanto Gundai" by Homma Kiyotoshi (1977, Saitama Shimbun)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

徳川氏の家臣、関東郡代家。先祖は戸賀崎(とがさき)、荒川の姓を称したが、荒川易氏(やすうじ)のとき、将軍足利義尚(あしかがよしひさ)より信濃国(しなののくに)（長野県）伊那郡の一部を与えられて定住。孫易次(やすつぐ)のとき居城を叔父に横領されて伊那を去り、それより伊奈熊蔵(くまぞう)を名のった。この子孫の一人忠家(ただいえ)は放浪して三河国に至り、徳川家康に仕え、幡豆(はず)郡小島(おじま)（愛知県西尾市）の城主に任ぜられたが、ふたたび堺(さかい)に放浪した。その子忠次(ただつぐ)は家康の関東入国に従い、代官頭(がしら)となり、武蔵国(むさしのくに)小室(こむろ)（埼玉県伊奈町）に陣屋を置いた。所領は小室、鴻巣(こうのす)1万石。3代忠勝(ただかつ)のとき嗣子(しし)なく改易に処せられたが、忠勝の弟忠隆(ただたか)が小室郷のうち新知1100余石を与えられて名跡を継いだ。一方、忠次の次男忠治(ただはる)は7000余石を知行(ちぎょう)して別家を創設、足立(あだち)郡赤山（埼玉県川口市）に陣屋を設け、父と同じく関東の民政、農政に活躍、関東郡代を世襲で務める伊奈家の基を開いた。その子忠克(ただかつ)は弟2人に遺領のうちを分知して3960石の旗本に定着、忠常(ただつね)、忠篤(ただあつ)、忠順(ただのぶ)、忠逵(ただみち)、忠辰(ただとき)、忠宥(ただおき)（勘定奉行）、忠敬(ただひろ)と続いたが、忠尊(ただたか)の代にさまざまな不埒(ふらち)を犯したとして1792年（寛政4）3月、関東郡代を罷免され改易に処せられた。しかし幕府は忠治家の滅亡を惜しみ、別家の忠盈(ただみつ)に新知1000石を与えて名跡を継がせた。この間伊奈氏は、河川の修治や新田の開発、富士山噴火被災地の復旧、本所、深川市街地の造成、農民騒動の鎮撫(ちんぶ)や打毀(うちこわし)騒動の収拾など、多大な功績を残した。

　こうした関東郡代伊奈氏の機能は、幕府職制による勘定奉行支配の枠組みから逸脱することが多かったため、忠逵の代からは勘定吟味役の上首、奥右筆(おくゆうひつ)組頭の次席、御小姓組(おこしょうぐみ)番頭などの身分が付され、老中支配のもとに国政にかかわる事業が執行された。ちなみに、伊奈郡代の家臣は400名を数えたが、伊奈家には忠治が開発した数十万石からあがる年貢の10分の1が付与されており、数万石の大名と等しい財政基盤をもっていた。このほか伊奈氏には、改易になった家のほか、幕末まで続いた別家が3家ある。

［本間清利］

『本間清利著『関東郡代』（1977・埼玉新聞社）』

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