A social worker from the Meiji to early Showa periods. Born in Bitchu Province (Okayama Prefecture). Baptized as a Christian at the age of 18. After graduating from Doshisha English School (the precursor to Doshisha University), he engaged in evangelism. In 1891 (Meiji 24), he became a prison chaplain at Sorachi Prison in Hokkaido, where he learned about the realities of prisoners and aspired to reform, particularly juvenile education, to eliminate the roots of crime. To that end, after studying in the United States, he founded a home school in Sugamo, Tokyo in 1899, and worked to reform delinquent youths. He also established the Central Charity Association in 1908 (Meiji 41) and became its director, laying the foundations for social work in modern Japan. In particular, the home school later had branches in Hokkaido and other places, and was taken over by his second son, Kiyo (1898-1977). [Yoji Okada] "The Collected Works of Kosuke Tonooka, compiled by the Institute of Humanities, Doshisha University, 5 volumes (1978-1981, Dohosha Publishing)" ▽ "Yoshio Takase, 'All the Way to Whitehead - The Life of Kosuke Tonooka' (Iwanami Shinsho)" [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
明治から昭和初期の社会事業家。備中(びっちゅう)国(岡山県)に生まれる。18歳でキリスト教の洗礼を受ける。同志社英学校(同志社大学の前身)卒業後、伝道に従事する。1891年(明治24)北海道空知(そらち)監獄の教誨師(きょうかいし)となり、囚人の実態を知り、犯罪の根源を絶つための感化事業、とくに少年教護を志す。そのため、アメリカ留学を経て、1899年東京・巣鴨(すがも)に家庭学校を創立、非行少年の感化に努めた。また、1908年(明治41)には中央慈善協会を創立し幹事となるなど、近代日本の社会事業の基礎をつくった。とくに家庭学校は、その後、北海道などにも分校が設けられ、二男の清男(きよお)(1898―1977)に受け継がれた。 [岡田洋司] 『同志社大学人文科学研究所編『留岡幸助著作集』全5巻(1978~1981・同朋舎出版)』▽『高瀬善夫著『一路白頭ニ到ル――留岡幸助の生涯』(岩波新書)』 [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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