A Jewish language based on Middle High German (German) with some Hebrew added. Yiddish. It developed as the language of Ashkenazim who emigrated to Eastern Europe after the 13th century to escape persecution by Christians, incorporating Slavic elements. There are documents from the 9th century, but it took on a colloquial form in Belarus and Poland from the 14th century. It was also used in literature, folk songs, and theater. It is still used as an everyday language by about 10 million Jews in the United States, Israel, Eastern Europe, Russia, and elsewhere. It is written in Hebrew characters with unique modifications. Yiddish can be called Judeo-German, but other languages include Judeo-Spanish (Ladino) and Judeo-Arabic. → Related topics Ash | Kletzmer | Shalom Aleichem | Singer | Hebrew letters Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
中高ドイツ語(ドイツ語)を土台にし,ヘブライ語を加えた,ユダヤ人の用いる言語。Yiddish。13世紀以後キリスト教徒による迫害を逃れて東欧に移住した人びと(アシュケナジム)の言語としてスラブ語的な要素もとり入れて発達した。9世紀ころからの文献を有するが,14世紀以来ベラルーシ,ポーランド地方を中心に口語としての形を整えていった。文学,民謡,演劇などにも多く用いられた。現在でも米国,イスラエル,東欧,ロシアなどで約1000万人のユダヤ人によって日常語として用いられる。独特の工夫を加えたヘブライ文字で書かれる。イディッシュはユダヤ・ドイツ語といってもよいが,ほかにユダヤ・スペイン語(ラディノ),ユダヤ・アラビア語がある。 →関連項目アッシュ|クレツマー|シャローム・アライヘム|シンガー|ヘブライ文字 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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