Horst - Chirui (English spelling)

Japanese: 地塁 - ちるい（英語表記）horst

A faulted topography that is relatively high and elongated, bounded by two fault scarps running almost parallel to each other. In contrast, a relatively low topography is called a graben, and often exists parallel to a basin. The width of a basin varies from a few centimeters to tens of kilometers, and it can be hundreds of meters high. It was formed during the extension and rupture of the ground due to crustal movement, and during the formation of salt domes, and both sides of the basin are mainly normal faults (→ faults). Typical examples of basins are the Vosges Mountains in France, the Palestinian Plateau on the west bank of the Jordan River, and many are found in the Basin and Range region (→ Great Basin) of the southwestern United States.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ほぼ平行に走る二つの断層崖によってかぎられた，周囲よりも相対的に高く細長い断層地形。これに対し，相対的に低い地形を地溝 grabenといい，地塁と並列して存在している場合が多い。地塁の幅は数cmから数十kmまでさまざまで，高さは数百mにも及ぶことがある。地殻変動に伴う地面の伸張や断裂，および岩塩ドームの形成過程においてつくられ，地塁の両側はおもに正断層（→断層）をなす。地塁の典型例としてフランスのボージュ山地，ヨルダン川西岸のパレスチナ高原があげられ，またアメリカ合衆国南西部のベースン・アンド・レンジ地帯（→グレートベースン）にも数多く見られる。

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