Ch'ungryǒl-wang (King of Chungnyeol)

Japanese: 忠烈王 - ちゅうれつおう（英語表記）Ch'ungryǒl-wang

[Born] King Gojong 23 (1236).2.
[Died] King Chungnyeol 34 (1308).7.
The 25th king of Goryeo, Korea (reigned 1274-1308). His given name was Kyo. His historical names were Jin and Shun. He was the eldest son of Wonjong. In the first year of Wonjong's reign (1260), he went to Yuan and was appointed as Dongan-gu, the Governor of Sangzhu Province. In the 12th year of the same year, he went to Yuan again and married Princess Kublai Khan's daughter, Princess Kuttorukerimishi. In June of the 15th year of the same year, he returned to Korea and ascended to the throne. In October of the same year, he cooperated with the Yuan army's expedition to Japan, but it ended in failure (the Bun'ei War). In the 7th year of King Chungnyeol's reign (81), he attacked Japan again, but failed (the Koan War). King Chungnyeol visited Yuan more than a dozen times, and with the backing of the Yuan's power, he was able to suppress the powerful ministers and stabilize his royal authority, but he suffered oppression from the Yuan and also from discord with the crown prince (King Chungseon). During the king's reign, the Yuan dynasty's official system, learning, customs, and habits were introduced, and Zhu Xi's philosophy was particularly famous.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]高宗23(1236).2.
[没]忠烈王34(1308).7.
朝鮮，高麗の第 25代の王 (在位 1274～1308) 。諱はきょ。古諱はじん，しゅん。元宗の長子。元宗1 (1260) 年元に行き，特進上柱国東安公に封じられ，同 12年再び元に行き，元の世祖フビライ・ハンの娘忽都魯掲里迷失 (くとるけりみし) 公主と結婚。同 15年6月元宗の死により帰国，即位した。同年 10月元軍の日本遠征に協力したが，失敗に終り (文永の役) ，さらに忠烈王7 (81) 年再び日本を攻めて失敗した (弘安の役) 。忠烈王は十数回も元に行き，元の勢力を背景に権臣たちを押えて王権は安定したが元の圧迫に苦しみ，また太子 (忠宣王) との不和で苦しんだ。王の時代には元の官制，学問，風俗，習慣が流入したが，特に朱子学は有名。

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