Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum

Japanese: 中山陵 - ちゅうざんりょう
Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum

The tomb of Chinese revolutionary Sun Yat-sen. Zhongshan was Sun Yat-sen's pen name. Sun Yat-sen died in Beijing on March 12, 1925, in the midst of the Nationalist Revolution that he led himself. On June 1, 1927, after Chiang Kai-shek's Northern Expedition had been put to a temporary halt, a state funeral was held in Nanjing, under the rule of the Nationalist government, and in 1929, he was moved from Beijing to the foot of Purple Mountain on the outskirts of Nanjing. The tomb covers an area of ​​over 13 million ares, and is a large structure with a temple towering on the mountainside with a roof made of blue lapis lazuli tiles, symbolizing the blue sky and white sun flag. The Nationalist government gave authority to its regime by making this a sacred place. After the Nationalist government fled to Taiwan (1949), they built the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in Taipei, but the real one is still in Nanjing, where it is preserved and managed by the People's Republic of China.

[Ando Hikotaro]

[Reference] | Sun Yat-sen

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

中国の革命家、孫文(そんぶん/スンウェン)の墓。中山は孫文の号。孫文が1925年3月12日、自ら指導した国民革命のさなか北京(ペキン)に客死したが、蒋介石(しょうかいせき/チヤンチエシー)による北伐がひとまずなった27年6月1日、国民政府治下の南京(ナンキン)で国葬が行われ、29年南京郊外の紫金山の麓(ふもと)に北京より移葬された。陵墓は、1300余万アールの広さをもっており、青天白日旗を象徴する青瑠璃瓦(るりがわら)の屋根をもつ堂宇が山腹にそびえる大規模なもので、国民政府はここを聖域化することで自己の政権を権威づけた。国民政府は台湾に逃避(1949)後、台北に中山陵をつくったが、本物はいまでも南京にあり、中華人民共和国のもとで保存管理されている。

[安藤彦太郎]

[参照項目] | 孫文

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