The conversion of one isomer into another by chemical or physical action. From an industrial perspective, the process of converting straight-chain paraffins with about 5 to 6 carbon atoms into branched-chain isoparaffins with a high octane number is important. Pentane and hexane are isomerized into isopentane and isohexane using catalysts such as aluminum chloride or platinum, but the production costs for improving the octane number are high, so it is often used for supplementary oil reforming. The process by which an optically active substance changes into its enantiomers (a pair of optical isomers that are mutually opposite in a mirror image relationship) is also considered to be a type of isomerization; however, the product is often a 1:1 mixture of the dextrorotatory d- isomer and the levorotatory l- isomer, in which case it is called racemization. [Iwamoto Shinbu] [Reference items] | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
化学的作用あるいは物理的作用によって、ある異性体を別の異性体に変化させること。工業的には、炭素原子数5~6個程度の直鎖パラフィンをオクタン価の高い分鎖イソパラフィンに変換するプロセスが重要である。塩化アルミニウムや白金などを触媒としてペンタン、ヘキサンをイソペンタン、イソヘキサンに異性化するが、オクタン価の向上に対する生産コストが高く、補助的な石油改質に利用されることが多い。 ある光学活性体がその対掌体(互いに実像と鏡像の関係にある1対の光学異性体)に変化する過程も異性化の一つと考えられるが、その生成物が右旋性のd体と左旋性であるl体の1対1の混合物となることが多く、この場合はラセミ化とよばれる。 [岩本振武] [参照項目] | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
The name of a military officer in Goguryeo and Sil...
A discharge lamp that converts ultraviolet light ...
Originally it meant cluttered and trivial things,...
Chinese philosopher. Born in Kumamoto. Professor ...
…It was larger than Asia and Libya (Africa) combi...
Rice shochu from Nagano. The name comes from "...
…A box-shaped piece of furniture for storing thin...
…(1) Naiades: Nymphs of springs and rivers. Accor...
The study of the relationships between states, and...
Basic subjects for secondary or higher education ...
This art museum is located in Villa Borghese in Ro...
Year of death: November 3, 1901 (Meiji 34) Year of...
A fairy tale from the Muromachi period. One of the...
A village in Tone County, northeastern Gunma Prefe...
It means being unable to recall something that yo...