Geothermal gradient (geothermal gradient)

Japanese: 地温こう配(地温勾配) - ちおんこうばい(英語表記)geothermal gradient
Geothermal gradient (geothermal gradient)
Generally, the deeper you go underground, the higher the temperature inside the Earth. This ratio is called the geothermal gradient. To measure the geothermal gradient, on land, a thermometer is inserted into a deep well or borehole to measure the temperature as a function of depth. Deep tunnels and mine tunnels can also be used. The value of the geothermal gradient is usually said to be about 3°C ​​(3 x 10 -2 °C/m) for every 100 m of depth, but in reality there is considerable variation depending on the location. To avoid the effects of diurnal and seasonal changes in temperature, accurate measurement of the geothermal gradient requires holes several tens of meters deep, but if there is groundwater flow, deeper holes are needed.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
一般に地下深くに入るにしたがって,地球内部の温度は高くなっている。その割合を地温こう配という。地温こう配を測るには,陸上では深い井戸とか掘削孔に温度計を挿入して,温度を深さの関数として測定する。深いトンネルとか鉱山の坑道を利用することもある。地温こう配の値は,ふつうは深さ100mごとに約3℃(3×10-2℃/m)程度といわれるが,実際には場所によってかなりの違いがある。気温の日変化,季節変化などによる影響をさけるために,正確な地温こう配の測定には数十m以上の深さの穴が必要だが,地下水の流動などのある場合にはもっと深い必要がある。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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