Easement -

Japanese: 地役権 - ちえきけん
Easement -

Usufruct rights (Civil Code Article 280 et seq.) that control land in a certain way for the use of another land. For example, the right to pass through land B (servient land) in order to use land A (dominant land), to draw water from land B, or to prevent the construction of tall buildings on land B. Servitudes are generally established by contract (establishment act), but easements such as right of way easements, whose realization of the right content is continuous and can be recognized from the outside, can be acquired by prescription (Civil Code Article 283), and are often acquired in this way. If the easement is registered, the easement holder can claim the easement even if the owner of the servient land changes. It is also possible to use someone else's land by renting it, but with this method, even if you want to use part of someone else's land only for the purpose of passing through it or drawing water from it, you must rent the whole of it. In contrast, with the method of establishing an easement, you can use someone else's land to the extent necessary. This is its unique effect.

[Yasuyuki Takahashi and Masamitsu Nozawa]

[Reference] | Real estate use rights

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ある土地の利用のために他の土地を一定の方法で支配する用益物権(民法280条以下)。たとえば、甲地(要役地)を利用するために、乙地(承役地)を通行したり、乙地から水を引いたり、あるいは乙地に高い建築物を建てさせなかったりする権利である。地役権は契約(設定行為)によって設定されるのが原則であるが、通行地役権のように権利内容の実現が継続的で、かつ外部から認めることのできる地役権は時効による取得が可能であり(民法283条)、実際にそのようにして取得されることも多い。地役権者は地役権設定の登記をすれば、承役地の所有者がかわっても、地役権を主張できる。他人の土地の利用は、その土地を借りることによっても可能であるが、この方法によれば、他人の土地を通行したり、そこから水を引いたりする目的だけで他人の土地の一部を利用したいときであっても、その土地全部を借りなければならない。これに対して、地役権を設定する方法によれば、必要な限度において他人の土地を利用することができる。この点にその独特な作用がある。

[高橋康之・野澤正充]

[参照項目] | 不動産利用権

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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