Izumo Plain - Izumo Heiya

Japanese: 出雲平野 - いずもへいや

A plain in the northeastern part of Shimane Prefecture, centered on Izumo City. It is also called the Hinokawa Plain. It is an alluvial plain formed by the Hii River and Kobe River, stretching from the Shimane Peninsula in the north to Lake Shinji in the east, and Taisha Bay in the Sea of Japan in the west. During the Tenpyo period, the area was mostly marshland, but the plain grew rapidly due to the large amount of sand flow caused by the mining of iron sand upstream of the Hii River. The plain has extended to Lake Shinji for about 5 km since the mid-17th century, and the shoreline of the lake has moved eastward. The area east of Sanbuichi in Izumo City has been reclaimed land since the Edo period, and Shutou is a typical new rice field settlement. In the eastern part of the plain, natural levees and back marshes caused by the change in the course of the Hii River have developed in rows along the old river course, and scattered villages are located there. The village is characterized by a forest around the residence to protect it from the prevailing winter winds, and is dominated by black pine trees known as Tsuijimatsu (Tsuijimasu). The village has an abundance of groundwater, so many of its fields are wet, but land improvement work is helping to turn them into dry fields. There are also large reserves of methane gas, which is used as fuel for households. In the eastern part of the village, floriculture such as tulips is popular, while grape cultivation is popular in the sand dunes along the Japan Sea coast in the western part of the village. Izumo Taisha Shrine is located in the northwestern part of the village.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

島根県北東部，出雲市を中心とする平野。簸川平野（ひのかわへいや）ともいう。斐伊川と神戸川による沖積平野で，北は島根半島，東は宍道湖，西は日本海の大社湾にいたる。天平時代には沼沢地が多かったが，斐伊川上流の砂鉄採取に伴う多量の流砂で急速に平野が成長。宍道湖への平野の延びは 17世紀中頃以降約 5kmに及び，湖岸線が東進。出雲市の三分市（さんぶいち）以東は江戸時代以降の造成地で，出東（しゅっとう）は典型的な新田集落。平野東部は斐伊川の河道変遷に伴う自然堤防と後背低湿地が旧河道に沿って列状に展開し散村が立地。この集落は冬の卓越風を避けるための屋敷森が特徴で，築地松（ついじまつ）と呼ばれるクロマツを主体とする。地下水が豊富なため湿田が多いが，土地改良による乾田化が進んでいる。またメタンガスの埋蔵量が多く，家庭用燃料に利用されている。東部でチューリップなどの花卉園芸，西部の日本海岸の砂丘地ではブドウ栽培が盛ん。北西部に出雲大社がある。

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