Its official name is Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Zoological Park, and it is located in Hino City and is run by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government. It opened on May 5, 1958 (Showa 33) as an affiliated zoo of Ueno Zoo (officially known as Tokyo Metropolitan Zoological Gardens), but in 1965 it was promoted to the same status as Ueno Zoo. The purpose of the establishment of the zoo was to alleviate the overcrowding of visitors at Ueno Zoo and to create a new zoo that had never been seen in Japan. Construction began in 1956 and it opened two years later. After World War II, Ueno Zoo was one of the first to seek land for a zoo in the suburbs, and in 1948 it proposed the Shinjuku Zoo, but this idea was never realized, and it is this concept that forms the basis of Tama Zoological Park. Aiming to create a new zoo, the zoo made extensive use of the fenceless style of construction, and opened with mainly Asian animals for breeding and exhibiting on a 28.7-hectare site. Later, in 1962, the African Garden, which displays animals native to Africa, was added, and the zoo took on its current form of 52.4 hectares. In terms of facilities, the Insectarium, which also raised insects, was completed in 1961, the safari-style Lion Garden in 1964, and the Koala House, which raised animals native to Australia, in 1984. In 2002, the main building of the Insectarium was renovated and reopened, and foreign insects such as leaf-cutter ants began to be bred and exhibited in earnest. As of 2003, in addition to the 1,394 animals of 170 species, about 80 species of insects are constantly bred. [Masaru Saito] "Tama Zoological Park, 20th Anniversary, Tokyo Zoological Park (1979)" edited and published by Tokyo's Tama Zoological Park; "Tama Zoological Park" by Nakagawa Shiro (1981, Tokyo Metropolitan Park Association) ; "Insect Land: Creating an Insect Ecological Garden at Tama Zoological Park" edited by Yajima Minoru (1990, Keyaki Publishing) ; "Tama Zoological Park Guidebook" edited by Tokyo Zoological Park Society (1990, Tokyo Zoological Park Society) [Reference items] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
正式名称は東京都多摩動物公園といい、日野市にあり、都が経営する。上野動物園(正式名は東京都恩賜上野動物園)の付属動物園として1958年(昭和33)5月5日に開園したが、1965年より昇格し、上野動物園と同格となった。同園の設立目的は、従来よりの上野動物園の入園者の過密を緩和すること、また、日本にはみられなかった新しい動物園を創造するところにあり、1956年より建設を始め、2年後に開園したものである。上野動物園は第二次世界大戦後にいち早く郊外に動物園の土地を求め、1948年に新宿動物園構想を打ち出したが実現せず、この構想が多摩動物公園の基になっている。新しい動物園を目ざした同園は、その建設にあたり無柵放養式(むさくほうようしき)の形態をふんだんに取り入れ、28.7ヘクタールの土地に、アジア産の動物をおもに飼育展示し開園した。その後、アフリカ産の動物を展示するアフリカ園が1962年に加えられ、面積52.4ヘクタールの現在の形態となった。施設的には、1961年に昆虫の飼育にも取り組む昆虫園、1964年にサファリ形式のライオン園、1984年にオーストラリア産の動物を飼育するコアラ館が完成している。2002年(平成14)には昆虫園本館がリニューアルオープンし、ハキリアリなどの外国産昆虫の飼育展示も本格的に行われるようになった。2003年現在、飼育動物170種1394点のほかに常時80種ほどの昆虫類が飼育されている。 [齋藤 勝] 『東京都多摩動物公園編・刊『開園20周年 多摩動物公園』(1979)』▽『中川志郎著『多摩動物公園』(1981・東京都公園協会)』▽『矢島稔編著『昆虫の国 多摩動物公園昆虫生態園をつくる』(1990・けやき出版)』▽『東京動物園協会監修『多摩動物公園ガイドブック』(1990・東京動物園協会)』 [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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