Davenant (D'Avenant), Sir William

Japanese: ダベナント（英語表記）Davenant(D'Avenant)， Sir William

[Born] March 3, 1606? Oxford
Died April 7, 1668, London. English playwright and theatre manager. Claimed to be Shakespeare's illegitimate son. Worked as a masquerist for the court of Charles I. Poet Laureate in 1638. Temporarily exiled to France during the Puritan Revolution, he staged The Siege of Rhodes in 1656, pioneering musical theatre and earning the title of father of English opera. After the Restoration, together with Killigrew, he monopolized the royal charters for theatres in London, formed the Duke of York's Men, and performed Shakespeare's adaptations. His works include the tragedy Albovine, King of Lambards (1629) and the comedy The Wits (33).

Davenant
Davenant, Charles

[Birth] 1656
[Died] November 6, 1714.
A British advocate of free trade during the mercantilism period. He served as Commissioner of Excise and Commissioner of Imports and Exports, and was a Member of the House of Commons three times during that time. He rejected the principle of individual trade differentials in favor of the principle of general trade differentials, defended the benefits of transit trade, and debated with J. Pollexphene, a leading advocate of protectionism. He is also known as a political arithmetician who inherited the methods of W. Petty. His main works are An Essay on the East-India-Trade (1696) and Discourses on the Public Revenues, and on the Trade of England (2 volumes, 98).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1606.3.3?　オックスフォード
[没]1668.4.7. ロンドン
イギリスの劇作家，劇場支配人。シェークスピアの庶子と自称した。チャールズ1世の宮廷の仮面劇作者として活躍。 1638年桂冠詩人。清教徒革命で一時フランスに亡命，56年『ロードス島包囲』 The Siege of Rhodesを上演，音楽劇の先駆をなして，イギリス・オペラの父と称された。王政復古後は，キリグルーとともにロンドンにおける劇場勅許を独占，ヨーク公一座を結成，シェークスピアの改作などを上演。作品に，悲劇『ランバード王アルボバイン』 Albovine，King of Lambards (1629) ，喜劇『才人』 The Wits (33) などがある。

ダベナント
Davenant， Charles

[生]1656
[没]1714.11.6.
重商主義期のイギリスの自由貿易論者。国内消費税委員，輸出入総監を歴任し，その間3度イングランド下院議員をつとめる。個別的貿易差額主義を排して全般的貿易差額主義をとり，中継貿易の利益を擁護して保護貿易主義の代表的論客 J.ポレックスフェンと論争した。 W.ペティの方法を継承した政治算術家としても知られる。主著『東インド貿易論』 An Essay on the East-India-Trade (1696) ，『イングランドの歳入および貿易論』 Discourses on the Public Revenues，and on the Trade of England (2巻，98) 。

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