Pacific Ocean

Japanese: 太平道 - たいへいどう
Pacific Ocean

A new religion that arose in China at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Zhang Jue is said to have founded this religion, based on the 170 volumes of the "Taiping Qing Lingshu" (Records of the Taiping Era) given to Gan Ji by a god. It is believed that the name Taiping Dao was given to this religion based on this book. His teachings state that God supervises the daily actions of people on earth, and when they commit a sin, he makes them sick as punishment. The sick person is then made to reflect on their sins, confess their repentance before God, and swear that they will not sin again. After that, they are given a water charm that is said to have spiritual powers, and a priest (teacher) recites a divine spell to ask God for forgiveness. Many people were cured of their illnesses using this method, and lower-class peasants and refugees came to believe in his teachings, and in a short period of time, he gained hundreds of thousands of followers. In other words, the Taiping Taoist sect is a group based on personal faith, and its formation is believed to have been largely influenced by the changes in society caused by the rampant influence of powerful clans. Zhang Jue is also famous for starting the Yellow Turban Rebellion in 184.

[Masaharu Ozaki]

"Fundamental Study of Taoism" by Yasutoshi Fukui (1952, Risosha) " "Study of the History of Taoism" by Shinji Ohbuchi (1964, Okayama University Mutual Aid Association Book Division)

[Reference items] | Yellow Turban Rebellion | Zhang Jiao

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

中国、後漢(ごかん)末期におこった新宗教。干吉(かんきつ)が神人から授けられた『太平清領書(たいへいせいりょうしょ)』170巻によって、張角(ちょうかく)がこの宗教を始めたと伝えられる。これに太平道という呼称が与えられたのは、この書に基づくと考えられる。彼の教法とは、神は地上の人々の日常行為を監察しており、罪過を犯すとその罰として病気にかからせる。そこで、病人をして自己の犯した罪を反省し、神の前に懺悔(さんげ)告白させ、ふたたび罪を犯さないことを誓わせる。そのうえで、霊力があるとされる符水(ふすい)を飲ませ、聖職者(師)が神呪(しんじゅ)を唱えて神の許しを請う、というものである。このような方法で病気の治った者も多く、下層農民や流民は彼の教法を信じ、わずかな期間に、信徒が数十万人に及んだ。すなわち、太平道教団は個人的信仰に基づく集団であり、その成立には豪族の跋扈(ばっこ)による社会の変質が大きく作用していると考えられる。なお、張角は184年に黄巾(こうきん)の乱を起こしたことでも有名である。

[尾崎正治]

『福井康順著『道教の基礎的研究』(1952・理想社)』『大淵忍爾著『道教史の研究』(1964・岡山大学共済会書籍部)』

[参照項目] | 黄巾の乱 | 張角

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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