A prominent ridge that runs north to south in an S-shape through the center of the Atlantic Ocean. This is the part of the Mid-Ocean Ridge, the largest mountain range on Earth, that is located in the Atlantic Ocean. It connects to the Mid-Arctic Ridge through Iceland in the north and to the Atlantic-Indian Rise in the south. A deep fissure called the Central Graben runs through its top, where shallow earthquakes are concentrated. It is separated by numerous fracture zones that are almost perpendicular to the strike of the ridge. Iceland, the Azores, Ascension Island, and Tristan da Cunha Islands are thought to have been formed by volcanic and seismic activity on this ridge. According to the plate tectonics theory, it is thought to be an outlet for the Atlantic Ocean floor crust. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
大西洋の中央部を南北にS字状に走る顕著な海嶺。地球上で最大の山脈である中央海嶺の,大西洋に位置する部分を呼ぶ。北はアイスランドを経て北極中央海嶺,南は大西洋-インド洋海膨に連なる。頂部には,中央地溝と呼ばれる深い裂け目が走り,浅発地震がここに集中して起っている。海嶺の走向にほぼ直交する多数の断裂帯で区切られる。アイスランド,アゾレス諸島,アセンション島,トリスタンダクーニャ諸島などは,この海嶺の火山,地震活動によって形成されたとみられる。プレートテクトニクス説では大西洋海底地殻の湧出し口であると考えられている。
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