Hermatypic coral (hermatypic coral)

Japanese: 造礁サンゴ(造礁珊瑚) - ぞうしょうさんご(英語表記)hermatypic coral
Hermatypic coral (hermatypic coral)
A general term for animals that form coral reefs, mainly colonial scleractinians, together with other coelenterates. Most species belong to the order Scleractinia in the subclass Hexacorallia of the class Anthozoa of Coelenterates, but also include the turtle coral and blue coral in the subclass Octocorallia, and Itamirepora in the class Hydrozoa. Scleractinians that do not form reefs on their own are called non-reef-building corals, or deep-sea corals. Reef-building corals include the family Spinocala, such as Poconus nigricans, Pectinaria nigricans, and Spiny coral, the family Acropora, such as Acropora nigricans, and the family Porites, such as Porites, Acanthurus nigricans, and Bubble coral. It is said that there are about 500 species of reef-building corals in the Southern Ocean islands and the Great Barrier Reef of Australia, where reef-building corals are most abundant.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
群体性のイシサンゴ類を主体にし,その他の腔腸動物とともにサンゴ礁を形成する動物の総称。腔腸動物花虫綱六放サンゴ亜綱のイシサンゴ目に属する種類が大部分で,そのほかに八放サンゴ亜綱に含まれるクダサンゴやアオサンゴ,さらにヒドロ虫綱のイタミレポラなども含まれる。単体でサンゴ礁を形成しないイシサンゴ類を非造礁サンゴ,または深海サンゴという。 造礁サンゴにはトゲサンゴ科のハナヤサイサンゴ,ショウガサンゴ,トゲサンゴなど,ミドリイシ科のミドリイシ,アナサンゴ,コモンサンゴなど,そしてハマサンゴ科のハマサンゴ,ハナガササンゴ,アワサンゴなどがあり,もっとも造礁サンゴが豊富な南洋群島やオーストラリアの大堡礁(グレート・バリア・リーフ)などでは500種くらいはあろうとされている。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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