Sengai - Sengai

A painter-monk from the late Edo period. Also written as Sengai or Sengai. He excelled at light, witty and free-spirited ink paintings. His monk name was Gibon. He was from Mino Province (Gifu Prefecture). He first studied under Gekkan Zen'ei of the Rinzai sect, and in 1789 (Kansei 1) he was initiated into the Dharma by Bankoku Shoteki of Shofuku-ji Temple in Hakata, succeeding him as the 123rd abbot, and devoted himself to the development of the temple. After retiring in 1811 (Bunka 8), he devoted himself to a life of poetry, calligraphy and painting, and established a unique style of painting rich in humor. His Zen paintings, self-praising poems, and calligraphy, which are simple and approachable, have been gaining recognition in recent years, and his representative works include "Kanshan, Jittoku, and Bukanzu" (Genjuan, Fukuoka). The collection of the Idemitsu Museum of Art in Tokyo is famous.

[Hoshino Suzu]

"Idemitsu Art Selection 1: Sengai" by Shokin Furuta (1970, Heibonsha)" ▽ "Literary Calligraphy 8: Sengai" by Shokin Furuta (1979, Tankosha)" ▽ "Selected Calligraphy and Paintings by Monk Sengai" supervised by Fukuoka Art Museum (1981, Bunkyo Publishing)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸後期の画僧。僊厓、仙崖とも書く。軽妙洒脱(しゃだつ)な水墨画をよくした。僧名は義梵(ぎぼん)。美濃(みの)国（岐阜県）の人。初め臨済(りんざい)宗の月船禅慧より学問を受け、1789年（寛政1）博多(はかた)の聖福寺の盤谷紹適(ばんこくしょうてき)に嗣法して、第123世の席を嗣(つ)ぎ、同寺の整備に尽力した。1811年（文化8）隠退ののちは詩書画三昧(ざんまい)の生活に入り、特有のユーモアに富んだ画風を確立していった。瓢逸(ひょういつ)で親しみやすい味わいをもつ彼の禅画、自賛の詩句、書は、近年評価を高めつつあり、代表作に『寒山・拾得(じっとく)・豊干(ぶかん)図』（福岡・幻住庵）がある。東京・出光(いでみつ)美術館のコレクションが有名である。

［星野　鈴］

『古田紹欽著『出光美術選書1　仙厓』（1970・平凡社）』▽『古田紹欽著『文人書譜8　仙厓』（1979・淡交社）』▽『福岡市美術館監修『仙厓和尚書画選集』（1981・文教出版）』

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