Ionic bond

Japanese: イオン結合 - いおんけつごう(英語表記)ionic bond
Ionic bond

A type of chemical bond. A bond that occurs between positive and negative ions in ionic crystals, which are formed when positive and negative ions come together. In ionic crystals, the electrostatic attraction between ions has no direction, and each ion tries to attract as many ions of the opposite sign as possible around it, and as close as possible. However, when positive and negative ions approach each other, the repulsive force caused by the outer electrons of each ion becomes large, and the system becomes stable at a certain position where the attractive and repulsive forces reach equilibrium.

Along with covalent bonds, ionic bonds are the most basic of all chemical bonds, but in actual chemical bonds, there are not many cases where they can be considered purely ionic bonds, and many of what are usually called ionic bonds contain some covalent elements. Also, many of what are usually called covalent bonds contain some ionic elements.

[Nakahara Katsunori]

"Illustrated Ways of Looking at and Thinking about Chemical Bonds" by Shoichi Fujitani, Kyozo Kinomura, and Takeshi Ishihara (1987, Ohmsha)""Outline of Physical Chemistry" by Michel Shuart, Brigitte Prou, and Lionel Prou, translated by Katsumasa Nakahara and Masami Ikkuni (1988, Tokyo Kagaku Dojin)""The Fundamentals of Physical Chemistry" by Jun Yamauchi, Tsuyoshi Hirayama, Hitoshi Taniguchi, and Nagao Azuma (1989, Asakura Shoten)" ▽ "Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 1 , by Ian S. Butler and John F. Harrod, translated by Hiroshi Ogino, Mamoru Shimoi, and Hiromi Tobita, supervised by Hiroshi Ogino (1992, Maruzen)""Atomic Valence and Molecular Structure" by E. Cartmell and G.W.A. Fowles, translated by Shoji Kubo (1993, Maruzen)"“Basic Inorganic Chemistry” Revised Edition by Masami Ikkuni (2008, Shokabo)”

[Reference items] | Ions | Ionic crystals | Chemical bonds | Covalent bonds

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

化学結合の一つ。陽イオンと陰イオンとが集まって生成するイオン結晶中での、陽イオンと陰イオンの間にみられる結合。イオン結晶中では、イオン間にみられる静電引力は方向性がなく、一つずつのイオンはできるだけ多数の反対符号のイオンを周りに、しかもできるだけ近くに引き付けようとする。しかし正負のイオンが接近すると、それぞれのイオンにおける外殻電子による反発力が大きくなり、引力と反発力が平衡に達した一定の位置で安定となる。

 化学結合のなかでも共有結合とともにもっとも基本的な結合であるが、実際にみられる化学結合では、純粋なイオン結合と考えられる場合はそれほど多くなく、普通、イオン結合といわれるものも、多くはいくらかの共有結合的要素が入ってきている。また普通、共有結合といわれるものにも、多くはいくらかのイオン結合的要素が入ってきている。

[中原勝儼]

『藤谷正一・木野邑恭三・石原武司著『絵とき 化学結合の見方・考え方』(1987・オーム社)』『ミシェル・シュアール、ブリジット・プロー、リオネル・プロー著、中原勝儼・一国雅巳訳『物理化学概説』(1988・東京化学同人)』『山内淳・平山鋭・谷口仁・東長雄著『物理化学の基礎』(1989・朝倉書店)』『イアン・S・バトラー、ジョン・F・ハロッド著、荻野博・下井守・飛田博実訳、荻野博監訳『無機化学』上(1992・丸善)』『E・カートメル、G・W・A・ファウルズ著、久保昌二訳『原子価と分子構造』(1993・丸善)』『一國雅巳著『基礎無機化学』改訂版(2008・裳華房)』

[参照項目] | イオン | イオン結晶 | 化学結合 | 共有結合

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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