Clinic - Shinryojo

Japanese: 診療所 - しんりょうじょ
Clinic - Shinryojo

It refers to medical institutions with 19 or fewer beds. Clinics that do not have beds are called clinics without beds, and those that have beds are called clinics with beds. They are generally called medical offices or clinics, but cannot be called hospitals. Only medical institutions with 20 or more beds can be called hospitals. The Medical Care Act stipulates that it means "a place where doctors or dentists practice medicine or dentistry for the public or a specific number of people, which does not have facilities for hospitalizing patients, or which has facilities for hospitalizing 19 or fewer patients" (Article 1, Paragraph 5 of the Medical Care Act).

According to the 2018 Medical Facility (Status) Survey, as of October 1, 2018, there were 102,105 general medical clinics, up 0.6% from the previous year. Breaking this down, there were 95,171 clinics without beds, accounting for 93.2% of all general medical clinics. There were 6,934 clinics with beds. While the number of clinics without beds was up 1.0% from the previous year, the number of clinics with beds was down 3.7% from the previous year, continuing its downward trend. The total number of beds at clinics with beds was 94,853, down 3.6% from the previous year, also continuing its downward trend. Looking at the number of facilities by operator, the largest number were medical corporations with 42,822 facilities (41.9%), followed by individuals with 41,444 (40.6%) and public medical institutions with 3,550 (3.5%).

When opening a clinic, a doctor or dentist must notify the prefectural governor of the location within 10 days of opening. In addition, the Medical Care Act stipulates that a clinic must be managed by a doctor or dentist.

[Yukihiro Maeda February 17, 2020]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

医療機関のうち、病床数(ベッド数)が19床以下のものをいう。また、診療所のうち、病床をもたない施設を無床診療所、病床をもつ施設を有床診療所という。一般的には医院またはクリニックと称することもあるが、病院という名称を用いることはできない。病床数が20床以上の医療機関のみが病院と称することができる。医療法には「医師又は歯科医師が、公衆又は特定多数人のため医業又は歯科医業を行う場所であつて、患者を入院させるための施設を有しないもの又は19人以下の患者を入院させるための施設を有するものをいう」と規定されている(同法1条5項)。

 平成30年(2018)医療施設(動態)調査によると、2018年10月1日現在、一般診療所数は10万2105施設であり、前年比プラス0.6%である。内訳をみると、無床診療所の数は9万5171施設であり、一般診療所全体の93.2%を占めている。有床診療所の数は6934施設である。無床診療所の数が前年比プラス1.0%であるのに対し、有床診療所の数は前年比マイナス3.7%と減少傾向が続いている。有床診療所の病床数合計は9万4853床であり、前年比マイナス3.6%と、これも減少傾向が続いている。施設数を開設者別にみると、「医療法人」が4万2822施設(41.9%)ともっとも多く、次いで「個人」が4万1444(40.6%)、「公的医療機関」3550(3.5%)の順となっている。

 診療所を開設するときには、医師または歯科医師は、開設後10日以内に所在地の都道府県知事に届け出なければならない。このほか、診療所は医師または歯科医師に管理させなければならないということも医療法に規定されている。

[前田幸宏 2020年2月17日]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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