Shiratama no ki - Shiratama no ki

Japanese: シラタマノキ - しらたまのき
Shiratama no ki - Shiratama no ki

An evergreen small shrub of the Ericaceae family (APG classification: Ericaceae). It grows to a height of 10-30 cm. The leaves are elliptical, 1-3 cm long, leathery, with indented veined surfaces and blunt sawtooth edges. In June and July, it produces short racemes with 1-6 urn-shaped white flowers that open downward. The corolla is 5 mm long and has 5 shallow lobes at the end. After flowering, the calyx swells to a fleshy shape, enveloping the capsule and becoming a spherical white pseudofruit about 1 cm in diameter. It grows in the subalpine to alpine zones, and is distributed in Daisen, Tottori Prefecture, Honshu north of the Chubu region, and from Hokkaido to the Aleutian Islands. When the fruit or leaves are crushed, they release a salicylic acid methyl ester called wintergreen oil, which gives off a "salomethyl" smell. The closely related wintergreen, native to North America, contains high-quality wintergreen oil and is used in sweets, toothpaste flavorings, ointments, and more. The name comes from the fact that the fruits are white and spherical. There are over 100 species in the genus Wintergreen in eastern Asia, Australia, and America.

[Yoshio Kobayashi April 16, 2021]

[Reference] | Ericaceae
White alder tree
The leaves are elliptical and leathery, with blunt sawtooth edges. In June and July, short racemes are produced, and urn-shaped white flowers open downward. ©Shogakukan Photo by Fujio Aoyama ">

White alder tree

The fruit of the sedge tree
After flowering, the calyx swells and becomes fleshy, enveloping the capsule and turning into a spherical, white pseudo-fruit about 1 cm in diameter. ©Shogakukan Photo by Fujio Aoyama ">

The fruit of the sedge tree


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ツツジ科(APG分類:ツツジ科)の常緑小低木。高さ10~30センチメートル。葉は楕円(だえん)形で長さ1~3センチメートル、革質で表面は細脈がへこみ、縁(へり)に鈍い鋸歯(きょし)がある。6~7月、短い総状花序をつくり、壺(つぼ)状の白色花を1~6個、下向きに開く。花冠は長さ5ミリメートル、先は浅く5裂する。花期後、萼(がく)は肉質に肥大して蒴果(さくか)を包み、径約1センチメートルの球形で白色の偽果になる。亜高山帯から高山帯に生え、鳥取県大山(だいせん)および中部地方以北の本州、北海道からアリューシャン列島に分布する。果実や枝葉をつぶすと冬緑油(とうりょくゆ)とよぶサリチル酸メチルエステルがあるので、「サロメチール」のようなにおいがする。近縁種のヒメコウジは北アメリカ原産で、良質の冬緑油を含み、菓子、歯みがき用の香料、軟膏(なんこう)などに配合する。名は、果実が白色の球形であることによる。シラタマノキ属はアジア東部、オーストラリア、アメリカに100種以上ある。

[小林義雄 2021年4月16日]

[参照項目] | ツツジ科
シラタマノキ
葉は楕円形で革質、縁に鈍い鋸歯がある。6~7月、短い総状花序をつくり、壺状の白色花を下向きに開く©Shogakukan 撮影/青山富士夫">

シラタマノキ

シラタマノキの果実
花期後、萼は肉質に肥大して蒴果を包み、径約1cmの球形で白色の偽果になる©Shogakukan 撮影/青山富士夫">

シラタマノキの果実


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