Born: March 29, 1946. Detroit, Michigan. American economist. Full name: Robert James Shiller. After receiving his bachelor's degree in economics from the University of Michigan in 1967, he received his master's degree in 1968 and his doctorate in 1972 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After serving as an associate professor of economics at the University of Minnesota from 1972 to 1974, he became a professor of economics at Yale University in 1982. Shiller's empirical analysis showed that stock price fluctuations are much more unstable than predicted by the efficient market hypothesis, which holds that stock price fluctuations reflect earnings and dividends from stocks. He also believed that stock price fluctuations are too large to be explained by the dividend flow sequence, and that seemingly irrational deviations can reveal patterns that can be used to predict future stock price fluctuations. The Case-Shiller Home Price Index, based on an approach developed by Shiller and Carl E. Case, was used to track housing price trends in the United States. In 2013, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences along with Eugene F. Fama and Lars Peter Hansen for their contributions to the empirical analysis of asset prices. The results of their research and analysis led to the discovery of new methods for studying the prices of financial assets such as stocks, bonds, and real estate, and the factors that drive those prices. His publications include Irrational Exuberance (2000) and Finance and the Good Society (2012). Syrah Schiller, Johann Christoph Friedrich Born: November 10, 1759 in Marbaha [Died] May 9, 1805, Weimar German playwright and poet. Born the son of a military surgeon, he studied law and medicine at a military academy by order of the monarch, but wrote his play Die Räuber (1781) amid the raging winds of Sturm und Drang, and with the success of its premiere in Mannheim (1782), he made a brilliant start as a playwright. After that, he traveled around various places, publishing a succession of plays, philosophical poems, historical critiques, and other works, and gained a reputation as a writer. He lectured history at the University of Jena from 1789, and lived in Weimar from the end of 1799. His friendship with Goethe, which lasted from 1794 until his death, bore fruit in the form of German classicism. Schiller had qualities in contrast to Goethe, and lived his short life intensely, burning with passion for the ideals of humanity. His major plays include Kabale und Liebe (84), Don Carlos (87), the trilogy Wallenstein (98-99), Maria Stuart (1800), The Maid of Orléans (01), and Wilhelm Tell (04). Syrah Scilla; squill; wild hyacinth A bulbous plant of the genus Scilla in the family Liliaceae. There are 80-90 species distributed in Europe, Asia, and Africa. In horticulture, it is commonly called Scilla. Linear or lanceolate leaves grow from the roots, and racemes are formed at the top of the stem. There are six tepals, and the flowers are bell-shaped to cup-shaped, with some species almost flat. Scilla hispanica (some say it belongs to the genus Endymion ), native to southern Europe and naturalized throughout Europe, has 10-30 bell-shaped flowers hanging from a 20-50 cm flower stalk. The flowers are blue, purple, pink, etc. Scilla peruviana has 20-100 small flowers in a pyramidal raceme, and the flowers are dark blue-purple, white, etc. Other small species with heights of 10-20cm include S. bifolia, S. siberica, and S. tubergenia, which are cultivated. They prefer sunny or partial shade and well-drained environments with a lot of humus. Many can be grown outdoors. They can be left planted for several years, but many small species are weak to heat. Syrah Schiller, Ferdinand Canning Scott Born: August 16, 1864 in Altona [Died] August 6, 1937, Los Angeles. British philosopher. Studied at Oxford University, he was a lecturer at Cornell University from 1893 to 1897, a research fellow at Oxford University from 1897 to 1926, and a professor at the University of Southern California in 1930. Influenced by W. James, he opposed the British Hegelian idealist (Bradley) and took a pragmatist stance. He is considered a pioneer of pragmatism in Britain, but he himself called his position humanism, voluntarism, or personalism. His main works include Axioms as Postulates (1902), Humanism; Philosophical Essays (03), and Studies in Humanism (07). Syrah Schirra, Walter Marty, Jr. Born March 12, 1923 in Hackensack, New Jersey [Died] May 3, 2007. La Jolla, California. American astronaut. One of seven astronauts selected for the Mercury program in 1959. After graduating from the Naval Academy, he served in the Korean War. After serving as a test pilot, he joined the space program. On October 3, 1962, he orbited the Earth six times on the Mercury satellite Sigma 7. In December 1965, he served as commander of Gemini 6 with Thomas Stafford, and successfully performed the first rendezvous with Gemini 7. In October 1968, he served as a crew member on Apollo 7 with Don Ezell and R. Walter Cunningham, making the first manned flight of the Apollo program. He is the only astronaut to have flown on all three spacecraft in the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo programs, and was inducted into the Naval Air Corps Hall of Fame in 2000. Syrah Schiller, Karl Born: April 24, 1911 in Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland) Died December 26, 1994. West German politician in Hamburg. After graduating from the University of Kiel and the University of Hamburg, he served as a member of the West Berlin Economic Council from 1961 to 1965, a member of the Social Democratic Party's Bundestag from 1965 to 1972, Minister of Economics in the K. Kiesinger cabinet from 1966 to 1969, and Minister of Economics and Finance in the W. Brandt cabinet from 1969 to 1971. He was West Germany's leading expert on economics and finance, and also devoted himself to the establishment of monetary union in the European Community (EC). In 1972, he clashed with Chancellor Brandt over the issue of revaluing the mark, and resigned as Minister of Economics and as a member of the Bundestag. He is the author of many books, including Sozialismus und Wettbewerb (1955), Socialism and Competition. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |