Extinction - extinction

Japanese: 消光 - しょうこう（英語表記）extinction

(1) Quenching of phosphorescence. Also called quenching, this phenomenon occurs when a phosphor is exposed to light to make it emit phosphorescence, and then the phosphorescence suddenly weakens when the temperature is raised or when infrared light is applied. (2) When observing a birefringent crystal plate with a polarizing microscope to examine rock specimens, the brightness of the microscope's field of view changes when the crystal plate is rotated, and in certain positions it becomes completely dark. This phenomenon is called quenching. This is because polarizing microscopes have crossed Nicols, and the sample is inserted between them. When the crystal plate is placed at a certain angle, the ordinary and extraordinary rays created by birefringence interfere with each other due to the action of the crossed Nicols, and their intensities are canceled out.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

(1) リン光の消光。解燼 (かいじん) ともいわれ，リン光体に光を照射してリン光を出させておき，温度を上げるか，赤外線を当てるとリン光が急に弱くなってしまう現象をいう。 (2) 岩石標本などを調べる偏光顕微鏡で複屈折性の結晶板を観察するとき，結晶板を回転させると顕微鏡の視野の明るさが変り，特殊な位置ではまったく暗黒になる。この現象を消光という。これは，偏光顕微鏡には直交ニコルがあって，試料はその間に挿入するようになっているが，特殊な角度に結晶板を置くと，複屈折によってできた常光線と異常光線とが，直交ニコルの作用で互いに干渉して強さを打消し合う状態になるためである。

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