Ancona (English spelling)

Japanese: アンコナ（英語表記）Ancona

A port city on the east coast of central Italy facing the Adriatic Sea. It is the capital of the Marche region and the province of Ancona. It was founded around 390 BC as a colony of Syracuse. It was taken by Rome in the 2nd century BC, and Emperor Trajan expanded the port. It declined due to invasions by the Goths and others, but was revived in the Middle Ages and became a city directly under the control of the Pope. It suffered heavy damage in both World War I and World War II. The Arch of Trajan remains, and the church of Saint Ciriaco, the town's patron, stands on a hill overlooking the sea. The current building, in Romanesque-Gothic style, was added in the 12th and 13th centuries on the foundation of a Greek cross cathedral from the 5th and 6th centuries. Shipbuilding, machine manufacturing, metalwork, chemical products, medicines, food products, and textile industries are thriving in the city. It is also a commercial center, dealing in fabrics, silk, leather, coffee, chemicals, wood, and paper. It is located at the midpoint of the railway line from Milan and Bologna to Foggia and Brindisi, and has regular shipping services to the ports of Ravenna, Venice, Trieste, etc. Population: 101,179 (1991 estimate).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

イタリア中部東海岸，アドリア海に面した港湾都市。マルケ州の州都，アンコナ県の県都。前 390年頃シラクーザの植民地として建設された。前2世紀ローマに奪われ，トラヤヌス帝が港を拡充した。ゴート人などの侵入で衰えたが中世に再興，教皇直轄都市となる。第1，第2次世界大戦の両方で大きな被害を受けた。トラヤヌス帝の凱旋門が残り，町の守護者聖チリアコの聖堂が海を望む丘の上にそびえている。ロマネスク・ゴシック様式の現在の建物は5～6世紀のギリシア十字式聖堂を基礎として，12～13世紀に増築されたもの。造船，機械製作，金属細工，化学製品，医薬品，食料品，織物工業などが盛ん。商業の中心でもあり，布地，絹，皮革，コーヒー，化学薬品，木材，紙などを扱う。ミラノ，ボローニャからフォッジャ，ブリンディジへの鉄道の中間点にあり，ラベンナ，ベネチア，トリエステなどの港との間に定期航路がある。人口 10万 1179 (1991推計) 。

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