Shafrir

Japanese: シャフリル

Leader of the Indonesian Socialist Party. Born of the Minangkabau people of West Sumatra. He studied in the Netherlands and participated in the independence movement. He returned to Indonesia in 1931 and led the Indonesian National Education Association, but was exiled to Irian and other places in 1934. He returned to Jakarta under Japanese military rule from 1941 onwards, but refused to cooperate with Japan. In November 1945, he published "Our Struggle," calling for the establishment of democratic institutions and a pro-Western Europe cooperative line, and severely criticized Sukarno's attitude of cooperation with Japan. This declaration was supported by young people and intellectuals, and from 1945 to 1947, he promoted negotiations with the former colonial power, the Netherlands, as Prime Minister and Foreign Minister. In 1948, he founded the Indonesian Socialist Party and became its leader. He advocated the establishment of a Western-style parliamentary democracy and gained the support of intellectuals, but he became hostile to Sukarno and was arrested for anti-government activities in 1962. He died in exile in Switzerland in 1966. The collection of letters, "From the Penal Colony," is still read today. → Indonesia

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

インドネシア社会党の指導者。西スマトラのミナンカバウ族の出身。オランダに留学して独立運動に参加，1931年帰国し，インドネシア民族教育協会を指導するが，1934年イリアンなどに流刑される。1941年以降の日本軍政下ではジャカルタに戻るが，日本への協力は拒否した。1945年11月《我らの闘争》を出し民主制の確立と親西欧協調路線を訴え，スカルノの対日協力姿勢を厳しく批判した。この宣言は青年，知識人に支持され，1945年から1947年まで，首相，外相として旧宗主国オランダとの交渉を進めた。1948年，インドネシア社会党を結成し党首となり，西欧的議会民主主義の確立を唱えて知識人層の支持を得たが，スカルノと敵対し，1962年反政府活動で逮捕された。1966年亡命先のスイスで客死。書簡集《流刑地から》はいまも読みつがれている。　→インドネシア

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