Shibano Kuriyama - Shibano Ritsuzan

A Confucian scholar in the mid-Edo period. His given name was Kunihiko. His pen name was Hikosuke. He was commonly known as Mankichi or Heisuke. He was also known as Koguken. He was born in the first year of the Genbun era in Mure Village, Miki County, Sanuki Province (Kagawa Prefecture) as the eldest son of Heizaemon. He studied under Goto Shizan (1721-1782) of the Takamatsu Domain from his boyhood. At the age of 18 (1753), he went to Edo and became a pupil of Hayashi Seii (Ryūkō, 1681-1758), and thereafter attended Shōheiko for over a dozen years. At the age of 30, he left Edo and travelled to Kyoto, where he became acquainted with many writers and scholars. From the age of 32, he served as a Confucian scholar to Lord Hachisuka, lord of Tokushima Domain in Awa Province, and at the age of 36, he opened a private school in Horikawa, Kyoto, where he taught. In 1788 (Tenmei 8), at the age of 53, he was summoned to Edo and became a Confucian scholar of the shogunate and an instructor at the Shoheiko Academy. He then worked to reform education and government together with University Head Hayashi Nobutaka (1767-1793) and Okada Kansen. He is known for encouraging Senior Councilor Matsudaira Sadanobu to ban alternative schools and promote the Cheng-Zhu school. After that, he was also ordered by the shogunate to investigate ancient temples and shrines in the Kinai region and to consult on diplomatic matters. He was one of the Three Doctors of the Kansei Era, along with Bitou Jishu and Koga Seiri. He died on December 1, 1812, at the age of 72. His works include the "Kuriyama Collection" in 5 volumes (1843) and the "Kuriyamado Poetry Collection" in 4 volumes (around 1807).

[Makoto Kurosumi May 19, 2016]

"Shibano Kuriyama" by Soei Fukuya (1949/Reprint edition, 2006, Kuriyama Memorial Society)" ▽ "Shibano Kuriyama" (included in "Mori Senzo Collected Works Volume 8", 1971, Chuokoron-Shinsha)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸中期の儒者。名は邦彦。字(あざな)は彦輔(ひこすけ)。通称は万吉、平助。古愚軒(こぐけん)とも号す。元文(げんぶん)元年、平左衛門の長子として讃岐(さぬき)国（香川県）三木郡牟礼(むれ)村に生まれる。少年時代より高松藩の後藤芝山(ごとうしざん)（1721―1782）に学んだ。18歳のとき（1753）、江戸に出て林正懿(はやしせいい)（榴岡(りゅうこう)、1681―1758）の門人となり、以後十数年昌平黌(しょうへいこう)にあった。30歳で江戸を去って京に遊び、多くの文人・学者と交遊。32歳より阿波(あわ)国徳島藩主蜂須賀(はちすか)侯に儒臣として仕え、さらに36歳で京都堀川に塾を開いて業を講じた。1788年（天明8）53歳のとき江戸に召されて幕府の儒員、昌平黌の教官となり、以後大学頭(だいがくのかみ)林信敬(のぶたか)（1767―1793）、岡田寒泉らと学政の改革に努めた。老中松平定信(まつだいらさだのぶ)に勧めて異学の禁を発し、程朱学を振興したことは有名。その後も幕命で、畿内(きない)の古社寺の調査や外交の事の諮問にあずかることもあった。尾藤二洲(びとうじしゅう)・古賀精里(こがせいり)とともに寛政(かんせい)三博士の一人。文化(ぶんか)4年12月1日、72歳で没した。『栗山文集』5巻（1843）、『栗山堂詩集』4巻（1807ころ）などがある。

［黒住　真　2016年5月19日］

『福家惣衛著『柴野栗山』（1949／復刻版・2006・栗山顕彰会）』▽『「柴野栗山」（『森銑三著作集　第8巻』所収・1971・中央公論社）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例