Hazard; chance

Japanese: 偶然 - ぐうぜん(英語表記)hazard; chance
Hazard; chance
Chance means the falling of a dice, and hazard comes from the name of the place where the Crusader soldiers invented the game of dice. It refers to the way things happen when something that no one intended or could have foreseen occurs in a way that betrays the sense of purpose of the people involved. Unlike miracles, the event in question occurs based on a chain of events in the world, but the chain is characterized by being beyond the ability of human judgment, and is explained as a collateral effect resulting from the collision of two or more chains of events that are not directly related. Since the sense of purpose of the people involved is one of the requirements for chance, value judgments inevitably intervene, and chance often becomes synonymous with good or bad luck, and because of the magnitude of its effect, chance can be personified or deified, approaching the meaning of fate.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
chanceはさいころが落ちることを意味し,hazardは十字軍の兵士たちがさいころ遊びを考案した場所の名に由来する。だれが意図したわけでもなく,だれも予見しえなかったことが,当事者の目的意識を裏切る形で起るとき,その起り方をいう。奇跡とは異なり当の事件は世界連鎖に基づいて起っているが,その連鎖が人間の判断能力をこえているのが特色で,直接関係のない2つ以上の事件連鎖のぶつかり合いから生れる付随的効果として説明される。当事者の目的意識が偶然の要件の一つであるから,必然的に価値判断が介入し,偶然は幸運や不運の代名詞となることが多く,さらにその効果の大きさから偶然が人格化もしくは神格化されて,運命の意味に接近することもある。

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