Automobile Liability Compensation Security Law - jidoushasongaibaishoshoho

Japanese: 自動車損害賠償保障法 - じどうしゃそんがいばいしょうほしょうほう
Automobile Liability Compensation Security Law - jidoushasongaibaishoshoho

Abbreviated as the Automobile Liability Law. This law aims to establish a system for guaranteeing compensation for damages when a person's life or body is harmed by the operation of a motor vehicle, to protect victims, and also to promote the sound development of motor vehicle transportation. Law No. 97 of 1955.

The main contents are as follows:

(1) When the owner or user of a motor vehicle causes injury to the life or body of another person through the operation of the vehicle, he or she must compensate for the damages caused thereby, unless he or she proves that he or she and the driver did not neglect to exercise due care in the operation of the vehicle, that there was intent or negligence on the part of the victim or a third party other than the driver, and that the motor vehicle had no structural defect or functional impairment.

(2) A car cannot be operated without a contract for automobile liability insurance. However, a car can be operated if a contract for automobile liability mutual aid provided by an agricultural cooperative federation or other organization is also concluded. These insurances and mutual aids are generally called compulsory automobile liability insurance and compulsory automobile liability mutual aid, and because it is compulsory to conclude such insurance, they are also sometimes called compulsory insurance.

(3) The amount of insurance coverage shall be determined by government ordinance.

(4) The victim may claim damages directly from the insurance company up to the amount of the insurance.

(5) The Automobile Liability Insurance Council has been established as an advisory body to the Prime Minister and the Minister of Finance to investigate and deliberate important matters relating to liability insurance.

(6) When a person's life or body is injured as a result of driving a motor vehicle, if the perpetrator cannot be identified due to a hit-and-run accident, or if the motor vehicle is not covered by compulsory insurance, the government will compensate for the damage suffered. This is called the Motor Vehicle Liability Insurance Program.

(7) When the Government has made indemnification for damages through a guarantee program, it may acquire the rights of the victim up to the amount of the payment and may claim damages from the perpetrator, etc.

[Kazuji Amano and Yasunori Doi]

"All about Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance," published and edited by the Insurance Mainichi Newspaper Company (2008)

[Reference] | Car Accident Victim Issues | Automobile Liability Insurance | Automobile Insurance

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

略称自賠法。自動車の運行によって、人の生命、身体が害された場合に、その損害賠償を保障する制度を確立して、被害者を保護し、あわせて自動車運送の健全な発達を図ることを目的とする法律。昭和30年法律第97号。

 そのおもな内容は次のとおりである。

(1)自動車の所有者や使用者は、その運行によって他人の生命、身体を害したときは、自己および運転者が自動車の運行に関し注意を怠らなかったこと、被害者、運転者以外の第三者に故意・過失があったこと、自動車に構造上の欠陥、機能の障害がなかったことを証明しない限り、これによって生じた損害を賠償しなければならない。

(2)自動車は自動車損害賠償責任保険の契約が締結されていなければ運行できない。ただし、農業協同組合連合会などが行う自動車損害賠償責任共済の契約が締結されていれば運行できる。これらの保険、共済は一般に自賠責保険、自賠責共済といわれ、また、締結が強制されているので強制保険ともよばれることがある。

(3)保険金額は政令で定められる。

(4)被害者は直接保険会社に対し保険金額を限度に損害賠償の請求ができる。

(5)責任保険に関する重要事項を調査審議するため、内閣総理大臣および財務大臣の諮問機関として自動車損害賠償責任保険審議会が置かれている。

(6)政府は、自動車の運行によって生命、身体を害された者がある場合に、ひき逃げなどで加害者を確認できないとき、また、その自動車に強制保険が締結されていないときには、その受けた損害を填補(てんぽ)する。これを自動車損害賠償保障事業という。

(7)政府は、保障事業により損害を填補したときは、その支払金額の限度において被害者の有する権利を取得し、加害者などに損害賠償の請求をすることができる。

[天野和治・土居靖範]

『保険毎日新聞社編・刊『自賠責保険のすべて』(2008)』

[参照項目] | 自動車事故被害者問題 | 自動車損害賠償責任保険 | 自動車保険

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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