National Administrative Organization Act - Kokkagyouseisoshikiho

Japanese: 国家行政組織法 - こっかぎょうせいそしきほう

The organizational standards for administrative agencies under the Cabinet's control are set by the National Government Organization Act. Based on the standards set forth in this act, each ministry and agency determines its internal organization and the duties of that organization through its respective Ministry and Agency Establishment Act. The establishment of a ministry and agency and the abolition and amendment of its internal bureaus are basically decided by the Diet's resolution and approval of the Establishment Act. The National Government Organization Act, enacted in 1948, made the ministries, ministries, committees, and agencies national administrative agencies, and stipulated that the establishment and duties of the internal organizations, such as secretariats, bureaus, and departments, must be determined by the Establishment Act. However, following the amendment in 1983, these became matters to be determined by Cabinet Order (Organization Order). However, positions equivalent to administrative vice-ministers, such as the Financial Affairs Director-General of the Ministry of Finance and the Deputy Director-General for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, are determined by the Establishment Act. The Cabinet Office, which was newly established as a staff organization for the Prime Minister following the reorganization of the central government ministries and agencies in January 2001, is not subject to the National Government Organization Act and is organized according to the Cabinet Office Establishment Act.

(Muneyuki Shindo, Professor, Faculty of Law and Economics, Chiba University / 2007)

Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo

Japanese:

内閣の統括のもとに置かれる行政機関の組織の基準は、国家行政組織法によって定められている。そして各省庁は、この法律が示す基準に基づき、それぞれの省庁設置法によって内部組織ならびに内部組織の所掌事務を定めている。省庁の設置ならびに内部部局の改廃は、基本的に設置法の国会での議決と承認による。1948年に制定された国家行政組織法は、府、省、委員会、庁を国の行政機関としたうえで、内部組織である官房、局および部の設置と所掌事務は、設置法によって定めねばならないとしてきた。だが、83年の改正に伴って、これらは政令(組織令)事項とされた。ただし、財務省財務官、農水省農林水産審議官のような事務次官に準じる職は設置法による。なお、2001年1月の中央省庁再編成によって内閣総理大臣のスタッフ機関として新設された内閣府は、国家行政組織法の適用外とされ、内閣府設置法によって組織編成されている。

(新藤宗幸千葉大学法経学部教授／ 2007年)

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