Mr. Arakida

This clan was the sole chief priest and deputy chief priest of Ise Imperial Grand Shrine (Naiku) until 1871 (Meiji 4). Another Watarai clan was the sole chief priest of Toyouke Daijingu (Geku). When the Imperial Grand Shrine was established, Amenomitoshi no Mikoto was appointed, and after that, his descendants were appointed. During the reign of Emperor Keikō, they were given the surname Onuki no Muraji after the place where they lived, and during the reign of Emperor Seimu, they were given the surname Arakida no Shinshu because they offered up cultivated land as a food offering field. Originally based in the village of Kida in Watarai County, Ise Province (Ise City, Mie Prefecture) and the vicinity of the village of Tokida (Tamaki Town), the remains of the ujigami festival and Yamamiya festival remain there, but from the Middle Ages onwards, it moved to Uji near the Naiku. Early on, it split into an ichimon and nimon, and in addition to the negi (primary priest) and deputy negi (primary priest), the uchindo (primary priest) and monoimi (primary priest) were all held by the same clan, with the Sawada, Sonoda and Inomo families flourishing in the ichimon, and the Fujinami, Nakagawa, Segi and Souchi families in the nimon.

[Junichi Kamata]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

伊勢(いせ)の皇大神宮(こうたいじんぐう)（内宮(ないくう)）の禰宜(ねぎ)、権禰宜(ごんねぎ)を1871年（明治4）まで専任した氏。豊受大神宮(とようけだいじんぐう)（外宮(げくう)）は別の度会(わたらい)氏が専任。皇大神宮鎮座のとき天見通命(あめのみとおしのみこと)が任ぜられて以降、その子孫が任ぜられることとなり、景行天皇(けいこうてんのう)のとき、その居所の地名にちなんで大貫連(おおぬきのむらじ)の姓を賜い、成務天皇(せいむてんのう)のとき、御饌料田(みけりょうでん)として墾田(あらきだ)を奉ったことで荒木田神主姓を賜ったという。もと伊勢国度会郡城田(きだ)村（三重県伊勢市）、外城田(ときだ)村（玉城(たまき)町）付近を本拠とし、そこに氏神祭、山宮祭の跡地を残すが、中世以降、内宮近くの宇治に移った。早くより、一門、二門に分かれ、禰宜、権禰宜のほか内人(うちんど)、物忌(ものいみ)まで一族で占めたが、一門で沢田、薗田(そのだ)、井面(いのも)、二門で藤波、中川、世木(せぎ)、佐八(そうち)家が栄えた。

［鎌田純一］

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