This refers to the legal provisions regarding the territorial effect of criminal law in international situations. In principle, each country's criminal law adopts the territorial principle, but in some cases, the criminal law of the country applies to crimes committed by its nationals abroad, or to crimes committed by non-nationals abroad when the consequences of the crime have a significant impact on the country. International criminal law determines the extent to which the country's criminal law can be applied in these cases. In addition, for crimes that harm the international common interest, such as piracy, war crimes, genocide, and hijacking, the elements of their composition and the allocation and attribution of criminal jurisdiction may be determined in accordance with international law, and the term may refer to the relevant international and domestic laws. This is sometimes distinguished by the term "international criminal law." Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
国際的局面での刑法の場所的効力に関する法規をいう。各国の刑法は原則として属地主義を採用しているが,ある場合には自国民の国外における犯罪,あるいは犯罪の結果が自国に重大な影響を及ぼすときには,国外における非自国民の犯罪にも自国の刑法を適用する。これらの場合にどの範囲まで自国の刑法を適用しうるかを決定するのが国際刑法である。これとは別に海賊,戦争犯罪,ジェノサイド,ハイジャックなどの国際的な共通利益を害する犯罪について,その構成要件,刑事管轄権の配分・帰属を国際法に準拠して定めることがあり,これに関連する国際法および国内法の法規をさす場合もある。これを特に「刑事国際法」と呼んで区別することもある。
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