These algae contain a large amount of phycoerythrin in addition to chlorophyll a and d, phycocyanin, xanthophyll, and carotene, giving them a red or purple body color. They store starch and oils as assimilation products within their cells. Some also store trehalose, floridoside, and isofloridoside (equivalent to sucrose in green algae). They range from the single-celled Porphyridium to the Gracilaria , which can grow to several meters in length. Most are found in the sea, and few are found in freshwater. None of them produce hairy cells in their life cycle. Sexual reproduction is achieved when hairless male sperm reach a female organ called an artefact and form carpospores. Their red body color allows them to absorb relatively short-wavelength light well, allowing them to grow at greater depths than green and brown algae. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
クロロフィルa・d,フィコシアン,キサントフィル,カロテンのほかに多量のフィコエリトリンを含んでいるので体色が紅色,紫色を呈する藻類。細胞内に同化生成物として紅藻デンプンおよび油脂をたくわえる。なかにはトレハロースやフロリドシド,イソフロリドシドなど (緑藻などのショ糖にあたる) をたくわえるものもある。単細胞のチノリモ Porphyridiumからオゴノリ Gracilariaのように数mに及ぶものまである。海産が多く,淡水産のものは少い。いずれもその生活史に有毛の細胞を生じることがない。有性生殖は無毛の雄精子が造果器と称する雌性の器官に到達して果胞子を形成する。体色が紅色であることにより,比較的波長の短い光線をよく吸収できるので,緑藻類や褐藻類よりも深い海に生育できる。
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