Resonant circuit

Japanese: 共振回路 - きょうしんかいろ
Resonant circuit

A type of electric/electronic circuit that uses electrical vibrations to create a phenomenon similar to acoustic resonance. It is usually made by connecting a coil and a capacitor, but physical phenomena can also be used, such as using a radio wave resonance box made of a conductor, such as microwaves. Electrical resonance phenomena can be classified into series resonance and parallel resonance, which are called series resonance circuits and parallel resonance circuits, respectively. When the latter is used to tune electronic circuits, it is also called a tuning circuit or tank circuit. When a coil (inductance) and a capacitor (capacitance) are connected in series, the impedance is minimized at a certain frequency and is equal to the DC resistance of the circuit. This type of circuit is called a series resonance circuit. On the other hand, when a coil and a capacitor are connected in parallel, the impedance (AC resistance) is maximized at a certain frequency. This type of circuit is called a parallel resonance circuit. Resonant circuits have excellent frequency selectivity, and are used to select frequencies in electronic circuits and to obtain wideband frequency characteristics by synthesis. However, in electromechanical circuits, care must be taken as they can destroy the circuit device.

[Michinori Iwata]

Series and parallel resonant circuits
= Resistance = Inductance = Capacitor ©Shogakukan ">

Series and parallel resonant circuits


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

電気・電子回路の一種で、音の共鳴に似た現象を電気振動で生じさせる回路。普通コイルとコンデンサーを接続してつくるが、マイクロ波のように導体でつくった電波の共鳴箱を用いるなど、物理現象を利用する場合もある。電気の共振現象には直列共振と並列共振とがあり、それぞれ直列共振回路、並列共振回路とよぶが、後者を電子回路の同調に用いる場合は同調回路、あるいはタンク回路ともよぶ。コイル(インダクタンス)とコンデンサー(キャパシタンス)を直列に接続すると、ある周波数のときインピーダンスが最小となり、回路の直流抵抗の値と等しくなる。この種の回路を直列共振回路という。他方、コイルとコンデンサーを並列に接続すると、ある周波数のとき、インピーダンス(交流抵抗)は最大となる。この種の回路を並列共振回路という。共振回路はこのように周波数の選択性に優れており、電子回路の周波数の選択、および合成による広帯域の周波数特性を得るために用いられる。ただし、電気機械回路では、回路装置を破壊する場合もあるので注意を要する。

[岩田倫典]

直列共振回路と並列共振回路
=抵抗 =インダクタンス =コンデンサー©Shogakukan">

直列共振回路と並列共振回路


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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