Köppen, Wladimir Peter

Japanese: ケッペン（英語表記）Köppen, Wladimir Peter

Born: September 25, 1846 in St. Petersburg, Russia
[Died] June 22, 1940. Graz, Austria. German climatologist born in Russia. Son of Russian history researcher Peter von Köppen (1793-1864). Studied botany at the University of Heidelberg in 1866. Obtained his doctorate from the University of Leipzig in 1869, and served as an assistant at the Central Physical Observatory in St. Petersburg. From 1874 to 1919, he was head of research at the German Navy Meteorological Observatory in Hamburg. He was active in many fields, including meteorology, geophysics, and biology, but is particularly known for his work in climatology, and is known as the father of modern climatology. He contributed to the creation of the first printed weather chart in Germany, the establishment of observation methods, and the development of observation networks. Köppen's climate classification, which takes into account the distribution of plants around the world, is well known. He also published his paleoclimatological research in the book Die Klimate der geologischen Vorzeit (1924), co-authored with his son-in-law Alfred Lothar Wegener. This work is known as a timeless classic and is said to have had a major influence on Wegener's formulation of his theory of continental drift. He also participated in various social reform projects and was active in a wide range of fields. His main work is Grundriss der Klimakunde (1931), an outline of climatology.

Köppen
Koeppen, Wolfgang

Born: June 23, 1906 in Greifswald
[Died] March 15, 1996, Munich A German social writer. After working as an actor and journalist, he began writing screenplays in the Netherlands. His works are characterized by his skillful montage techniques and delicate prose. His works include the novels Eine unglückliche Liebe (1934) (Unhappy Love), Tauben im Gras (Doves in the Grass) (51), Das Treibhaus (The Greenhouse) (53), and Der Tod in Rom (Death in Rome) (54), as well as the travelogue Nach Rußland und anderswohin (To Russia and Other Countries) (58), which has been called a model piece of contemporary prose.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1846.9.25. ロシア，サンクトペテルブルグ
[没]1940.6.22. オーストリア，グラーツ
ロシア生まれのドイツの気候学者。ロシアの歴史研究家ペーター・フォン・ケッペン Peter von Köppen（1793～1864) の子。1866年ハイデルベルク大学で植物学を専攻。1869年ライプチヒ大学で学位取得，ペテルブルグ中央物理観測所助手。1874～1919年ハンブルクのドイツ海軍気象台研究主任。気象学，地球物理学，生物学など多くの分野で活躍したが，特に気候学の業績は有名で，近代気候学の父と呼ばれている。ドイツにおける最初の印刷天気図の作成，観測法の確立，観測網の整備などに貢献。世界の植物分布を考慮したケッペンの気候区分はよく知られている。また古気候学研究は女婿のアルフレート・ロタール・ウェゲナーとの共著『地質時代の気候』Die Klimate der geologischen Vorzeit（1924）にまとめられ，不朽の古典として知られるとともに，ウェゲナーの大陸移動説形成に重大な影響を与えたといわれる。種々の社会改革事業にも参加し，広範囲の活動を展開。主著『気候学概説』Grundriss der Klimakunde（1931）。

ケッペン
Koeppen， Wolfgang

[生]1906.6.23. グライフスワルト
[没]1996.3.15. ミュンヘン
ドイツの社会派作家。俳優やジャーナリストを経てオランダでシナリオを書く。巧みなモンタージュ的手法と繊細な文章が特徴。小説『不幸な愛』 Eine unglückliche Liebe (1934) ，『草のなかの鳩』 Tauben im Gras (51) ，『温室』 Das Treibhaus (53) ，『ローマに死す』 Der Tod in Rom (54) のほか，現代の模範的な散文といわれる旅行記『ロシアとほかの国々へ』 Nach Rußland und anderswohin (58) など。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

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