Kesik (English spelling)

Japanese: ケシク（英語表記）kesik

During the Yuan Dynasty of the Mongol Empire, this was the imperial guard unit that guarded the palace and camps of the monarch and royal family day and night. It is sometimes translated as "guards." There are two interpretations of the meaning of the word: (1) the Mongolian word kesik, meaning "grace," is joined by the suffix -tei, meaning "to have," and the imperial guards who served the monarch were called kesiktei, meaning "those who have grace"; and (2) it is a borrowing of the ancient Turkish word kezig, meaning "order, person in charge." However, in documents from that time, both forms, xiuxue (kesik) and xiuxuetan (kesiktei) (or xiuxuedan), have been confirmed, making it difficult to decide.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

モンゴル帝国の元朝時代，君主，王族の宮廷，幕営を昼夜護衛した親衛部隊のこと。〈番士〉と訳されることもある。語義については，(1)〈恩寵〉を意味するモンゴル語kesikに〈～をもつ〉の意の語尾‐teiが付き，〈恩寵を有する者〉の意味で君主に近侍する親衛隊をkesikteiと呼んだ，(2)〈順番･当班〉を意味する古代トルコ語kezigの借用，の二つの解釈がある。しかし当時の文献では怯薛（ケシク），怯薛歹（ケシクテイ）(あるいは怯薛丹（ケシクタン）)の両方の形が確認され，簡単に決められない。

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