A general term for algae belonging to the diatom class Bacillariophyceae, with an estimated 6,000 to 10,000 extant species. They grow in both seawater and freshwater, and while most are planktonic (planktonic), there are also benthic and sessile species. Their bodies are unicellular, with two siliceous shells nested one above the other like a lunchbox. However, because they reproduce asexually by binary fission, some form colonies in which individuals form chains or are buried in mucus. All species contain pigments such as fucoxanthin in addition to chlorophyll a and c in their plastids, and produce and store chrysolaminaran, a glucan mainly composed of β-1,3 bonds, and oil through photosynthesis. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
ケイ藻綱Bacillariophyceaeに属する藻類の総称で,現存する種類数は6000~1万といわれる。海水にも淡水にも生育し,浮遊性(プランクトン性)のものが多いが,また底生,付着性のものもある。体は単細胞性で,ケイ酸質を含む2枚の殻が上下に弁当箱のように入れ子になっている。しかし,二分裂による無性生殖をするため,個体が鎖状に連なったり,粘液質中に多数埋まったりして群体をつくるものもある。いずれも色素体内にクロロフィルaとcのほかにフコキサンチンなどの色素を含み,光合成によりβ‐1,3結合を主としたグルカンであるクリソラミナランchrysolaminaranや油を生産して貯蔵する。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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