Kurisaki Doki

A surgeon in the Edo period, and the founder of the Kurizaki school of Nanban surgery. Born in Kurizaki Village, Higo Province (Kumamoto Prefecture). His childhood name was Utanosuke, later Masamoto. He was caught up in a riot when he was young, and fled to Nagasaki with his wet nurse. He then traveled to Luzon on a foreign ship, where he studied surgery under foreign doctors, and returned to Japan when he was a little over 30 years old. All of the Western books he brought back were confiscated by the magistrate's office, but he was given a residential lot in Nagasaki, where he treated people related to the magistrate's office and foreigners. In the book "Nanbanryu Kinsohonmatsusenki," which is said to be his work, there is a description of the heart that was probably observed directly, and it is the earliest such description by a Japanese person. Doki's grandson Masayuki (1660-1726) became a doctor for the shogunate and treated the injuries of Kira Kozukenosuke.

[Nakagawa Rice Brewing]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸時代の外科医、南蛮外科栗崎流の開祖。肥後国（熊本県）栗崎村の生まれ。幼名歌之助、のち正元。幼いとき乱にあい、乳母(うば)に連れられて長崎へ逃れ、さらに外国船でルソンに渡り、そこで医を志して外国人医師から外科を学び、30歳をやや過ぎてから帰国。携えて帰った洋書のすべては奉行(ぶぎょう)所に没収されたが、長崎市内に宅地を与えられ、奉行所関係者や外国人たちの診療にあたった。彼の著として伝えられている『南蛮流金創本末撰奇』のなかに、おそらく直接観察したと思われる心臓の記載があり、日本人のそれとしてはもっとも早い。道喜の孫正羽(まさゆき)（1660―1726）は幕府医官となり、吉良上野介(きらこうずけのすけ)の負傷の治療にあたった。

［中川米造］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例