Clarendon Code

Japanese: クラレンドン法典 - クラレンドンほうてん（英語表記）Clarendon Code

A collective term for four laws enacted in England immediately after the Restoration. They were intended to suppress nonconformists, mainly Presbyterians, and to solidify the state church system. They were named after the leader of the time, Earl Clarendon, but the actual promoters of these laws were the Knights of Parliament. (1) The Municipalities Act (1661) required municipal (city) officials to take an oath of allegiance and receive the sacrament according to the Church of England rites. (2) The Act of Uniformity of Worship (62) stripped nonconformist clergy of their rights and required the approval of the bishop for school teachers. This act resulted in the expulsion of about 2,000 nonconformist clergy. (3) The Act of Secret Meetings (64) prohibited gatherings of five or more people to pray in any ceremony other than that of the Church of England. This act was enacted to prevent clergy expelled under (2) from continuing their missionary activities in secret. (4) The Five Mile Act (65) prohibited nonconformist clergy from coming within five miles of any city or place of their former residence unless they swore an oath of non-resistance to the King, and also prohibited nonconformists from becoming school teachers. This was enacted because, despite the Act (3), nonconformist clergy continued to be active in cities (especially London). Some of these laws were repealed by the Act of Toleration after the Glorious Revolution, but some remained in place until the beginning of the 19th century.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

王政復古直後のイギリスで定められた4つの法の総称。長老派を中心とする非国教徒を抑圧し，国教体制を固める意図のもので，時の指導者クラレンドン (伯)にちなんでこの名で呼ばれるが，実際の推進者は騎士議会であった。 (1) 自治体法 (1661) 　自治体 (都市) 職員に忠誠の誓いと国教会礼式による聖餐拝受を義務づけた。 (2) 礼拝統一法 (62) 　非国教徒聖職者の権利を剥奪し，学校教師も主教の認可を要することにした。この法により，約 2000人の非国教徒聖職者が追放された。 (3) 秘密集会法 (64) 　5人以上の者が集って国教会以外の礼式で祈祷することを禁止。この法は，(2) により追放された聖職者がひそかに布教活動を続けることを防止する目的で定められた。 (4) 5マイル法 (65) 　非国教徒聖職者は，王への無抵抗の誓いを立てないかぎり，いかなる都市からも旧任地からも5マイル以内に近づくことを禁じ，また非国教徒が学校教師になることも禁じた。 (3) の法にもかかわらず，依然として都市 (特にロンドン) での非国教徒聖職者の活動があとを絶たないために定められた。以上の諸法は，一部は名誉革命後の寛容法により廃止されたが，一部は 19世紀初めまで存続。

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