Kuishikigou - Kuishikigou

Japanese: 九一色郷 - くいしきごう

The name of a township in Kai Province from the Sengoku period to the early modern period. It refers to the northwest foot of Mt. Fuji and the Ashigawa Valley in the western Misaka Mountains. During the Sengoku period, it was a collective name for nine townships: Takahagi and Sancho in Mitama Town, Nishiyatsushiro County (currently Ichikawamisato Town), Kakehashi, Furuseki, Shoji, and Motosu in Kamikuishiki Village (currently Kofu City and Fujikawaguchiko Town), Oushuku in Ashigawa Village, Higashiyatsushiro County, Nishinoumi in Fujikawaguchiko Town, Minamitsuru County, and Ashigawa in the area of Mitama Town (currently Ichikawamisato Town) and Ashigawa Village. According to the Kaikokushi, in the early modern period, the Kuishiki district consisted of 14 villages, including Hatakuma, Nakayama, and Nuta in Mitama-cho (currently Ichikawamisato-cho), and Orikado and Yasaka in Shimobe-cho (currently Minobu-cho) in Nishiyatsushiro-gun. There are various theories about the name of the district, including that it is a corrupted version of Koichishiki, which was derived from the fact that woodworkers lived there, and that it was composed of nine districts that paid Isshiki tax. Located at a strategic point on the highway connecting Koshu and Suruga, the Kuishiki group of local samurai who lived in the district were given exemption from taxes and free passage in return for their service under the Sengoku daimyo Takeda clan, who provided border guards and lumber transport. After the downfall of the Takeda clan in 1582, the Kuishiki clan allied with Tokugawa Ieyasu and helped him enter Kai, and in the same year, Ieyasu also confirmed their exemption from taxes. Based on this, throughout the early modern period, merchants from Kuishiki township widely traded products from Kai and Suruga, such as fish, salt, tobacco, and tea, in neighboring countries.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

戦国期から近世にかけての甲斐国の郷名。富士山北西麓および御坂(みさか)山地西部の芦(あし)川渓谷一帯をさす。戦国期には西八代郡三珠(みたま)町（現・市川三郷町）の高萩・三帳，上九一色(かみくいしき)村（現・甲府市，富士河口湖町）の梯(かけはし)・古関・精進(しょうじ)・本栖，東八代郡芦川村の鶯宿(おうしゅく)，南都留(みなみつる)郡富士河口湖町の西湖(にしのうみ)，三珠町（現・市川三郷町）・芦川村域の芦川の九ヵ郷の総称。《甲斐国志》によれば，近世には三珠町（現・市川三郷町）の畑熊・中山・垈(ぬた)，西八代郡下部町（現・身延町）の折門(おりかど)・八坂を加えた14ヵ村が九一色郷となっている。郷名は木地師が住したことからの工一色が転訛したとする説や，年貢一色を納入する九ヵ郷により構成されたことによるとする説などがある。甲州と駿州とを結ぶ街道の要衝に位置し，当郷に居住する地侍の集団九一色衆は，戦国大名武田氏のもとで，国境警備や材木輸送などの奉公を勤める見返りとして，諸役免除や自由通行の特権を与えられていた。1582年の武田氏滅亡後は徳川家康に与(くみ)してその甲斐入国を助けたとして，同年家康からも諸役免除の特権を安堵された。これをよりどころとして，近世を通じ九一色郷の商人は，近隣諸国で魚類・塩や煙草・茶など甲斐・駿河の産物を広く商った。

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