Today's typical cash currency, legally a self-debenture certificate issued by a bank. Originally, under the gold standard system, it was a certificate of indebtedness of a private issuing bank that promised to pay gold on demand, so as convertible banknotes issued by private banks, holders of the banknotes were guaranteed the right to exchange them for gold at any time. Later, when the gold standard system was abolished and the current managed currency system was introduced, convertible banknotes disappeared and became inconvertible banknotes that could not be exchanged for gold. Currently, only central banks are legally permitted to issue banknotes exclusively, so they refer to central bank notes and are legal tender with unlimited validity. As a representative cash currency with excellent payment completion properties, it forms the basis of the money stock. [Kunihiko Kaneko] [Reference items] | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
今日の代表的な現金通貨であり、法的には銀行が発行する自己宛(あ)て債務証書。もともとは金本位制度において要求ありしだい金を支払う約束をした民間発券銀行の債務証書であるから、民間銀行が発行した兌換(だかん)銀行券として銀行券の所有者はいつでも金と交換できる権利を保障されたものであった。その後、金本位制度は廃止されて現行の管理通貨制度に移行されると、兌換銀行券は姿を消し、金との交換がない不換銀行券となった。 現在では、中央銀行のみが銀行券を独占的に発行することを法的に認められているため、中央銀行券のことをさし、無制限通用力を有する法貨である。支払完了性に優れた代表的な現金通貨として、マネーストックの基礎となっている。 [金子邦彦] [参照項目] | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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