Defense of Edo Bay - Edowanboubi

Japanese: 江戸湾防備 - えどわんぼうび

…Amagi coal was produced from raw materials used in the Amagiyama Imperial Forest, transported to Edo, and met Edo's consumption. During the Kansei era, when the issue of coastal defense arose, such as when Laxman arrived in Nemuro, Izu, which was an important location for the defense of Edo Bay, was once again in the spotlight. In 1793 (Kansei 5), the senior councilor Matsudaira Sadanobu patrolled the east coast of Izu, in 1808 (Bunka 5), the gunsmith Inoue Sadayu test-fired a large cannon, in 1809 (Tenpo 10), Torii Yozo and Egawa Hidetatsu inspected the coastal defense, and in 1812 (Tenpo 10), the Shimoda magistrate was re-established. The arrival of Perry and the conclusion of the Treaty of Peace and Amity between the United States and Japan not only led to the shogunate's own overthrow of the isolationist system, but also made coastal defense urgent. …

From the Uraga Magistrate

…He also controlled the administration of the Miura-gun bakufu territory, territories, and vassal lands. As the arrival of foreign ships became more frequent at the end of the Edo period, he also took on the role of guarding Edo Bay, and in 1819 (Bunsei 2) the magistrate was reduced to two people, working monthly in Edo and Uraga. After that, in December 1842 (Tenpo 13), he was reduced to one person, in 1844 (Koka 1) he was reduced to two people, and in 1862 (Bunkyu 2) he was reduced to one person, and continued in office locally. …

From [Shinobi Clan]

...After that, in 1823 (Bunsei 6), Abe Masanori was transferred to Shirakawa in Mutsu Province, and Matsudaira Tadataka was transferred from Kuwana in Ise Province with a fief of 100,000 koku. In addition to the administration of the domain, the Oshi clan had an important task of guarding the Kawamata checkpoint, and during the Matsudaira clan's reign, they were ordered to guard the Boso coast from 1842 (Tenpo 13), and built camps in Futtsu and Takegaoka to defend Edo Bay. In 1853 (Kaei 6), after Perry's arrival, they were transferred from Boso to share in the defense of the No. 3 Battery in Shinagawa. ...

From [Coast Defense]

...In the wake of the Ezochi problem caused by Russia's advance into the Kuril Islands, Hayashi Shihei, Honda Toshiaki, Kudo Heisuke and others advocated the need for coastal defense as well as the development of Ezochi. In particular, when the Russian envoy Laxman came to Nemuro in 1792 (Kansei 4) to seek trade and suggested sailing to Edo, Matsudaira Sadanobu, the senior councilor of the Imperial Council, keenly felt the flaws in the lack of coastal defense systems other than Nagasaki, and envisioned the defense of the north by establishing a northern province governor, while personally inspecting Izu and Sagami to plan the construction of a defense system for Edo Bay. In the wake of the conflict with Russia in Ezochi from 1806 (Bunka 3) and the Phaeton incident in 1808, in 1810 he ordered the Aizu Domain to defend the coasts of Sagami and the Shirakawa Domain to build artillery batteries and to defend Edo Bay.

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "Defense of Edo Bay" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…天城炭は，天城山御林で御用材の原材の下付をうけて製炭，江戸に運搬され，江戸の消費にこたえた。　寛政年間，ラクスマンの根室来航等，海防問題がもち上がると，江戸湾防備上重大な立地をなす伊豆は再び注目され，1793年(寛政5)老中松平定信が伊豆東海岸を巡視したのをはじめ，1808年(文化5)鉄砲方井上左太夫の大筒試射，39年(天保10)鳥居耀蔵，江川英竜の海防見分などがあり，42年下田奉行が再置された。ペリー来航と日米和親条約の締結は鎖国体制を幕府みずからが打破しただけでなく，海防を緊要とした。…

【浦賀奉行】より

…また三浦郡内幕領や領地，役地の支配も管掌した。幕末に至り異国船来航が盛んになるにともなって江戸湾防備をも兼ね，1819年(文政2)から奉行も2人役となり，江戸と浦賀の月番勤務となった。その後42年(天保13)12月に1人役に，44年(弘化1)2人役，62年(文久2)1人役となり現地で在職した。…

【忍藩】より

…その後1823年(文政6)阿部正権（まさのり）は陸奥国白河へ転じ，伊勢国桑名から松平忠尭が10万石で入封した。忍藩には藩政のほか重要な任務として川俣関所の警備があり，さらに松平氏時代には42年(天保13)以降房総沿岸の警備が命ぜられ富津と竹ヶ岡に陣屋を築き江戸湾防備にあたった。また53年(嘉永6)ペリー来航により，房総より転じて品川の第3台場の防衛を分担した。…

【海防】より

…ロシアの千島進出による蝦夷地問題を契機に，林子平，本多利明，工藤平助らが，蝦夷地開発とともに海防の必要性を説いた。とくに，1792年(寛政4)，ロシア使節ラクスマンが根室に渡来して通商を求め，江戸回航を主張するに及んで老中松平定信は，長崎以外に海防体制のない欠陥を痛感し，北国郡代設置による北方防備を構想するとともに，みずから伊豆，相模を巡検して江戸湾防備体制の構築を練った。1806年(文化3)以降の蝦夷地におけるロシアとの紛争，08年のフェートン号事件を契機に，10年，会津藩に相模，白河藩に上総，安房の沿岸の防備を命じて砲台を築き，江戸湾防備にあたらせた。…

※「江戸湾防備」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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