Quark model

Japanese: クォーク模型 - くぉーくもけい

...This is based on a theory called SU(3) symmetry (which Gell-Mann called the Eightfold Theory, after a Buddhist teaching), but the process of working out why hadrons can be divided into such families led him to the more fundamental particles, the quarks.
[Quark model]
In 1963, Gell-Mann and G. Zweig independently proposed the theory that there exists a next-level fundamental particle, one level lower than hadrons, and that hadrons are made up of several of these particles. Gell-Mann named this fundamental particle "quark" after a passage in J. Joyce's novel Finnegans Wake.

From [Elementary Particle Model]

…This particle was named quark by M. Gell-Mann, and initially three types, u, d, and s, were considered to correspond to the three-dimensional representation. The model of elementary particles based on quarks is called the quark model. If quark is written as q and antiquark as q, mesons are represented as q and baryons as qqq. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to the "quark model" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…これはSU(3)対称性の理論(ゲル･マンは仏教の教えにちなんで八道説と名付けた)と呼ばれる理論に基づくものであるが，ハドロンがなぜこのような一族に分類できるかを考えていく過程で，より基本的な粒子であるクォークへと導かれたのである。
【クォーク模型】
　1963年にゲル･マンとG.ツワイクはそれぞれ独立に，ハドロンより一段下がった次の階層の基本粒子が存在して，それがいくつか組み合わさってハドロンがつくられているという理論を提唱した。ゲル･マンはJ.ジョイスの小説《Finnegans Wake》の一節からとってきて，この基本粒子に〈クォークquark〉という名まえをつけた。…