...It has been described as "the first true tragedy depicted in film" and "the first noble and great melodrama in cinema," and is also said to be director DW Griffith's "third masterpiece" after "The Birth of a Nation" (1915) and "Intolerance" (1916). This was the first film released by United Artists, a distribution company that Griffith founded in 1919 together with Charles Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, and Mary Pickford. At Pickford's urging, Griffith himself adapted "The Chinaman and the Child," a story from British author Thomas Burke's collection of short stories, "A Night at Limehouse" (1916). Set in a slum in east London in the 19th century, the film depicts a romance between an idealistic Chinese youth and a girl who is abused by her boxer father. (Burke's original story was "An Ingenious Murder Story" (Queen), written by detective novelist Ellery Queen and included in "Queen's Quota," an important anthology of short stories in the history of detective fiction beginning with E. A. Poe, but Griffith abandoned the grotesque plot twist.) Around the time that the expressionist film Dr. Caligari (1919) was imported from Germany and the term "film art" had just become an American term, Griffith's intention to make it "art" was evident in its "soft-focus lyricism" and "restrained editing that avoids the frequent use of close-ups." It was also described as "as if Dickens had spoken through the camera" and "Griffith proved himself a master of whispering as well as screaming." *Some of the terminology that refers to "Queen's Quota" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…〈映画が初めて描いた本物の悲劇〉〈映画における初めての高貴にして偉大なメロドラマ〉と評され,《国民の創生》(1915),《イントレランス》(1916)に次ぐD.W.グリフィス監督の〈第三の傑作〉ともいわれる作品。グリフィスがチャールズ・チャップリン,ダグラス・フェアバンクス,メリー・ピックフォードとともに1919年に創立した配給会社ユナイテッド・アーチスツの第1回配給作品として製作したもので,ピックフォードのすすめでイギリスの作家トマス・バークの短編小説集《ライムハウスの夜》(1916)の中の1編《シナ人と子供》をみずから脚色し,19世紀ロンドン東部の貧民街を舞台に,理想を夢みる中国人の青年と,ボクサーの父に虐待される少女とのロマンスを描いた(バークの原作は探偵小説作家エラリー・クイーンにより,E.A.ポーに始まる探偵小説史上重要な短編のアンソロジー《クイーンの定員》にも収録された〈巧妙な殺人物語〉(クイーン)であるが,グリフィスはその猟奇的な落ちを捨てた)。 ドイツから表現主義の映画《カリガリ博士》(1919)が輸入されて,〈映画芸術(フィルム・アート)〉ということばが新しくアメリカ語になったころで,〈ソフトフォーカスのリリシズム〉と〈クローズアップの多用を控えた抑制の利いた編集〉にはグリフィスが〈芸術〉を意図した跡が見られ,〈ディケンズがカメラで語ったようだ〉とも〈グリフィスは絶叫することばかりでなくささやきかけることにかけても達人であることを証明した〉とも評された。… ※「《クイーンの定員》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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