Xihua - Edge

Japanese: 羲和 - ぎわ
Xihua - Edge

A god who appears in ancient Chinese mythology. There are roughly two strands of mythology about Xihe. One is depicted in the Chu Ci and Huainanzi, in which Xihe is the "chauffeur of the sun" who likens the movement of the sun across the sky to a horse-drawn carriage. The other is the goddess Xihe, who appears in the Shan Hai Jing, and lives in the country of Xihe, far away in the sea to the southeast of China. The goddess is said to have married Emperor Shun and given birth to ten suns, and to be the "mother of the sun," bathing her children every morning at a beach called Ganyuan. The relationship between these two mythologies is unclear, but it is certain that Xihe was a goddess closely related to the sun, even if she was not a deification of the sun itself. However, in the Confucian classic, the Book of Documents, Xihe is transformed into four officials, Xi Zhong, Xi Shu, He Zhong, and He Shu, who were sent by Emperor Yao to the north, south, east and west of China. However, they were all in charge of astronomy, and Xi Zhong and He Zhong, who were sent to the east and west, guided the sun's rising and setting, which suggests that Xihe was associated with the sun.

[Tota Kirimoto]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

中国古代の神話に登場する神。羲和に関する神話には、大まかにいって二つの流れがある。その一つは『楚辞(そじ)』や『淮南子(えなんじ)』などに描き出されている、天空をわたる太陽の運行を馬車の走るさまになぞらえ、その馬車を操縦する「太陽の御者」としての羲和である。もう一つは『山海経(せんがいきょう)』にみえる、中国東南の海のはるかかなたにある羲和の国に住むという女神羲和である。女神は俊帝(しゅんてい)と結婚して10個の太陽を生み、毎朝子供であるそれらの太陽を甘淵(かんえん)というみぎわで水浴させる「太陽の母」であるとされている。この二つの系統の神話の相互関係は不明であるが、羲和が太陽そのものの神格化ではないにせよ、太陽と関係の深い神であったことは確かである。ところが儒家の経典である『書経』では、羲和は堯帝(ぎょうてい)によって中国の東西南北に派遣された羲仲(ぎちゅう)、羲叔(ぎしゅく)、和仲、和叔という4人の役人に変化してしまう。しかし彼らがともに天文に関することをつかさどり、なかでも東西に派遣された羲仲と和仲が太陽の出入りにあたって先導を務めたという点に、羲和が太陽と関係のある存在であったおもかげをとどめている。

[桐本東太]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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